Science
Things that have all the characteristics of life
Organisms
The smallest unit of life
Cell
In binomial nomenclature, the first word is the organism's _______ name
Genus
The characteristics of life include organization, growth and development, respond to environment, reproduce, maintain internal conditions, and _________
A substance that forms by joining many small molecules together is a
Macromolecule
Energy that most organisms use originally came to Earth from the
Sun
The investigation and exploration of natural events and of the new information that results from those investigations
Science
Before microscopes were invented, people did not know that living things were made of what?
Cells
The six ________ are Bacteria, Archaea, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia
Kingdoms
In the late 1600s, _______ made one of the first microscopes
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Lipid
Microscope
Things that do not have all the characteristics of life are considered
Nonliving
Living things that are made of only one cell
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya are all
Domains
Physician who viewed cells dividing and forming more cells under a microscope
Rudolf Virchow
For a cell to survive, its surface area must be large compared to its
Volume
What organelle in eukaryotic cells directs all the cell's activities?
Nucleus
An explanation based on scientific knowledge resulting from many observations and experiments
Scientific Theory
Living things that are made of two or more cells
Multicellular
Carolus Linnaeus placed all organisms into two main groups called
Kingdoms
Zoologist who viewed animal tissue under a microscope and determined that they were made of cells
Theodore Schwann
Osmosis is the diffusion of ________ molecules only through a membrane
Water
______ uses light and lenses to enlarge an image of an object
Light Microscope
A logical explanation of an observation that is drawn from prior knowledge or experience is called
Inference
How do unicellular organisms grow and develop?
The cell gets bigger
Aristotle placed organisms into what two groups?
Plants and Animals
Botanist who viewed plant tissue under a microscope and determined that they were made of cells
A long chain of amino acid molecules
Protein
A light microscope that uses more than one lens to magnify an object
Compound Microscope
Light and temperature are examples of
External Stimuli
A membrane-surrounded component of a cell that has specialized functions is an
Organelle
What is a group of similar species?
Genus
Amateur scientist who invented one of the first microscopes and is known as the "Father of Microbiology"
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
One or more sugar molecules make up a
Carbohydrate
An ________ uses a magnetic field to focus a beam of electrons through an object or onto an object's surface
Electron Microscope
The factor that is changed by the investigator to observe how it affects the dependent variable
Independent Variable
Plant cells have a cell wall and a cell membrane, but animal cells only have a
Cell Membrane
What is a group of organisms that have similar traits and are able to produce fertile offspring?
Species
Independent Variable
A macromolecule that forms when long chains of nucleotides join is a
Nucleic Acid
_______ makes an object look larger than it really is
Magnification
The factor an investigator observes or measures during an experiment
Dependent Variable
An organelle that is made of a network of threadlike proteins that are joined to form a framework inside the cell is the
Cytoskeleton
What is a series of descriptions arranged in pairs that leads the user to the identification of an unknown species?
Dichotomous Key
Scientist who viewed cork under a microscope and named the structures "cells" because they looked like tiny rooms
Robert Hooke
The basic substances that make up a cell include nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and ________
Carbohydrates
_______ cells are plants, animals, protists, and fungi.
Eukaryotic
Any factor that can have more than one value
Variable
What organelle stores food, water, and waste material?
Vacuole
A ________ is a branched diagram that shows the relationships among organisms, including common ancestors
Cladogram
What two scientists invented the early microscope?
Robert Hooke and Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Proteins are produced at the
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
The investigation and exploration of natural events and of the new information that results from those investigations
Science
An organism's ability to maintain steady internal conditions when outside conditions change
Homeostasis
Energy is released during chemical reactions that occur in what organelle?
Mitochondria
What is a naming system that gives each organism a two-word scientific name?
Binomial Nomenclature
What is the common function of glucose from plant cells and ATP?
They both store energy for cellular function
What are the functions of proteins in a cell?
They help with chemical breakdown of substances
An explanation stating that living things are made of cells, the cell is the smallest unit of life, and all cells come from pre-existing cells is called the
Cell Theory