Pathogens
These one celled organisms can be helpful or harmful and are found almost everywhere on Earth.
What are bacteria?
Diseases that can be passed from one person to another are known as __________ diseases.
What are communicable diseases?
The best way to prevent spreading bacteria while cooking is to always do this before handling food.
What is washing your hands?
These large area disease outbreaks affect huge populations and can spread across continents.
What are pandemics?
Overcrowded living conditions increase the spread of disease because they increase exposure to these.
What are pathogens?
These microscopic agents take over your cells to reproduce and cause illnesses like the flu.
What are viruses?
Diabetes and arthritis belong to this category because they are not caused by pathogens.
What are non-communicable diseases?
Refrigeration slows the growth of pathogens because it lowers this factor needed for bacterial growth.
What is temperature?
This 1918 pandemic killed millions worldwide and spread quickly due to war, poor sanitation, and poor diets.
What is the Spanish Flu?
Travellers often receive these injections to protect them from diseases like yellow fever.
What are vaccinations?
Malaria is caused by this category of single celled organism, often spread by mosquitoes.
What are protists?
Airborne diseases like the cold spread mainly through these two actions.
What are coughing and sneezing?
This process heats liquids like milk to kill bacteria, then cools them quickly.
What is pasteurization?
This government action requires contaminated food products to be immediately taken off store shelves.
What is a food recall?
Poor diets, unclean water, and unsafe shelter are major health concerns linked to this global issue.
What is poverty?
These organisms live off dead or decaying matter, but some, like ringworm can infect humans.
What are fungi?
Contaminated food can spread pathogens leading to this common illness often mistaken for a “24-hour flu.”
What is food poisoning?
Removing moisture from food through salting, smoking, or drying prevents bacteria from growing because they lack this essential resource.
What is water/moisture?
Before landfills are used, the ground is sealed to prevent these dangerous substances from leaking into water supplies.
What are toxic chemicals (or contaminants) leaking into water?
These warnings tell communities their drinking water is unsafe and must be boiled before use.
What is a boil water advisory?
Name the four major types of pathogens described in Chapter 9.
What are bacteria, viruses, protists, and fungi?
Explain why communicable diseases cause more deaths in poor countries compared to Canada.
Because poor countries often lack clean water, proper sanitation, healthcare, nutrition, and education, making communicable diseases spread more easily and become more deadly.
In canning, jars are boiled and sealed airtight. Explain how this prevents bacterial growth.
Canning works because boiling kills pathogens, and the airtight seal prevents new bacteria from entering.
Name two public health measures that improve water quality and prevent disease.
What is chlorination of water, Filtration, or regular water testing?
List three personal actions individuals can take to protect their health and reduce disease risk.
What is wash hands often, practice good hygiene, exercise regularly, eat a healthy diet, avoid smoking/alcohol/drugs, wear helmets/seatbelts, stay informed about health warnings, get vaccinations?