GI System
A client with Crohn's disease reports weight loss, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. This pathophysiologic process explains the disease.
What is transmural inflammation affecting any part of the GI tract?
Vision changes caused by a cloudy lens describe this disorder.
What is cataract?
A client in oliguric phase of AKI requires this priority nursing intervention.
What is strict intake and output monitoring?
Order: 1000 mL over 8 hr. Calculate the infusion rate.
What is 125 mL/hr?
This organ stores and concentrates bile.
What is the gallbladder?
A patient with peptic ulcer disease reports sudden severe abdominal pain and rigid abdomen. This complication is suspected.
What is perforation?
This inner ear fluid imbalance leads to vertigo in Ménière's diease.
What is endolymph accumulation?
This symptom is most characteristic of pyelonephritis.
What is flank pain?
Order: 500 mL over 4 hr using 20 gtt/mL tubing. Calculate gtt/min.
What is 42 gtt/min?
This part of the brain regulates heart rate and breathing.
What is the medulla oblongata?
A nurse teaches a client with cirrhosis to restrict this dietary component to prevent ascites.
What is sodium?
In open-angle glaucoma, this mechanism causes increased intraocular pressure.
What is decreased outflow of aqueous humor?
This diagnostic measure best evaluates fluid removal after dialysis.
What is body weight?
Order: Heparin 18 units/kg/hr for 70 kg patient. Concentration: 25,000 units in 500 mL. Find mL/hr.
What is 25.2 mL/hr?
This electrolyte imbalance can cause cardiac dysrhythmias when elevated.
What is hyperkalemia?
A patient with GERD is educated to avoid this habit immediately after eating.
What is lying down after eating?
A nurse communicating with a hearing-impaired client should prioritize this technique.
What is facing the client while speaking?
A client with CKD is expected to have an increase in this lab value.
What is creatinine?
Order: 1 g medication in 100 mL over 30 min. Calculate mL/hr.
What is 200 mL/hr?
This valve prevents backflow from left ventricle to left atrium.
What is the mitral valve?
This lab value elevation is expected with obstructive biliary disease.
What is bilirubin?
This cranial nerve is responsible for hearing and balance.
What is CN VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve)?
This condition results from decreased GFR and accumulation of waste products.
What is uremia?
Order: Dopamine 5 mcg/kg/min for 80 kg. Concentration: 400 mg in 250 mL. Calculate mL/hr.
What is 15 mL/hr?
This structure is responsible for gas exchange in the lungs.
What are alveoli?
This complication of liver disease results from portal hypertension and fluid shift.
What is ascites?
This condition occurs when the retina pulls away from underlying tissue.
What is retinal detachment?
This phase of AKI is characterized by increased urine output.
What is the diuretic phase?
Order: 250 mL over 2 hr. Drop factor 15 gtt/mL. Calculate gtt/min.
What is 31 gtt/min?
This hormone increase blood glucose levels.
What is glucagon?
A patient with melena likely has bleeding from this region of the GI tract.
What is the upper GI tract?
This disorder involves increased intraocular pressure damaging the optic nerve.
What is glaucoma?
This electrolyte imbalance is common in renal failure and can cause peaked 'T waves'.
What is hyperkalemia?
Order: 1,500 mL over 10 hr. Calculate mL/hr.
What is 150 mL/hr?
This structure carries oxygenated blood from lungs to heart.
What are pulmonary veins?
This medication class is used to reduce gastric acid secretion in GERD.
What are proton pump inhibitors?
This age-related hearing loss is due to degeneration of inner ear structures.
What is presbycusis?
This hormone is released by the kidneys to regulate blood pressure.
What is renin?
Order: 2 g over 100 mL in 20 min. Calculate mL/hr.
What is 300 mL/hr?
This part of neuron transmits impulses away from cell body.
What is the axon?
A nurse identifies this vitamin deficiency in chronic malabsorption disorders.
What is vitamin B12 deficiency?
This structure converts sound vibrations into neural signals.
What is the cochlea?
This test measures kidney filtration function.
What is GFR?
Order: Norepinephrine 0.1 mcg/kg/min for 90 kg. Concentration: 4 mg in 250 mL. Calculate mL/hr.
What is 33.75 mL/hr?
This gland regulates metabolism.
What is the thyroid gland?
This emergency condition occurs when the appendix ruptures.
What is peritonitis?
This reflex protects the eye from excessive light.
What is pupillary constriction?
This condition involves inflammation of the glomeruli.
What is glomerulonephritis?
Order: 75 mL/hr. How long will 1,000 mL last.
What is 13 hr 20 min?
This layer of skin contains sweat glands and hair follicles.
What is the dermis?