Chapter 5
What are the three functions of the skin?
protection, temperature regulation, sensation
Which layer of the skin contains nerve endings and hair follicles?
dermis
What causes people to get wrinkles as they age?
The skin becomes thinner and loses elasticity.
How does the hair serve as a protective function?
eye brows and eye lashes protect the eyes from dust, hairs also protect nostrils and ears from dust and bugs
By what age do people acquire all the hair follicles they will ever have?
by week 22 of life
What is one important function of hair?
warmth and protection
Why is sweat important?
keeps the body cool and temperature regulated
Why can sunburns be dangerous?
It can damage the cells underneath the skin and can cause cancer.
Name a function of hair.
beauty
What are some causes of baldness?
DHT, poor nutrition or disease, or extreme stress
Who is St. Damien of Molokai?
He is the patron saint of people with skin diseases.
What are two important functions of the fat of the hypodermis?
connects skin to muscles and bones in the body, insulation, padding to protect body structure
What is the name for the sacs in the dermis where hair is formed?
follicles
Name some differences between terminal hair and vellus hair.
Terminal hair is the hair people have on their heads or what men have on their faces, or in armpits, faces, legs, chest, back. Vellus hair, or "peach fuzz" is on children and usually people grow out of it.
What pigment is responsible for both skin and hair color?
melanin
Name two functions of the epidermis.
The first layer of protection from keeping germs out, fights infection and disease, gives skin its color, makes new skin cells
Name three things that cause blisters.
friction blisters come from rubbing of the skin against something, exposure to chemicals or extreme temperature, blood blister from pinching
Name and describe the layers of a hair's shaft.
medulla (innermost layer) only in thick hairs like those on the head, cortex (middle) gives hair strength, texture, and color, cuticle (outer layer) a thin protective layer
What can cause men to have more androgenic hair than women?
different hormone production in men than women
Which cells in the skin produce melanin?
melanocytes
What are the three layers of the skin?
epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous (also known as hypodermis)
How is a callus a protective skin change?
It protects the skin and other structures beneath it.
How does hair help regulate body temperature?
Keeps people from losing body heat through their heads and protects the body from strong sun rays.
What is lanugo hair?
only found on unborn babies in the womb and newborn babies
What accounts for the different hair colors people have?
eumelanin (black or brown hair), pheomelanin (red hair), the different concentrations of these two pigments accounts for the different hair colors in people.
What is the most dangerous type of skin cancer called?
melanoma
What is the treatment for head lice?
a medicated shampoo
How can you manage stress well?
Exercise and prayer
The largest organ in the body
What layer of the skin contains sweat and oil glands?
the dermis (the middle)
What causes acne?
When hair follicles become plugged with oil or dead skin cells, overproduction of oil, hormonal changes
Name two ways to protect yourself from the sun.
sunscreen, wear clothes, go to shade often
What is modesty?
a virtue that shows respect to God, preserves chastity, and honors the dignity of our God-given body; have modesty by showing very little skin
The part of the hair that comes out of the skin
the shaft
Which glands surround hair follicles and secrete oil?
sebaceous glands
Which layer of skin contains melanin?
epidermis
Which skin layer contains nerve endings, blood vessels, and hair follicles?
dermis
Which skin layer connects skin to the bones and muscles?
hypodermis
Which skin layer serves as insulation for the body?
hypodermis
Which skin layer is where new skin cells are formed?
epidermis
What insect lives in human hair?
lice
What causes the most deaths from skin diseases?
melanoma
What is a contagious disease that causes red spots?
chicken pox
What can occur when hair follicles get clogged with oil and dead skin cells?
acne
What occurs when people age, and is also increased by smoking and sun damage?
wrinkles
What can occur from repeated rubbing of skin?
blister
Where are on the body are the epidermis thinnest and thickest?
thinnest at eyelids and thickest at palms of hands and bottom of feet
Where are the body is the dermis the thinnest and thickest?
thinnest on eyelids, thickest on back of body
What causes brown, red, blond, and gray hair?
brown is high levels of eumelanin, red is high levels of pheomelanin, blond is low levels of both eumelanin and pheomelanin, gray hair comes from loss of any melanin