Section 1
The maximum number of individuals that an environment can support is known as its
carrying capacity
What is the primary source of new alleles in a population?
Mutation
What is the principal unit of forest management?
Stand
What is the major energy input in the Sun–Earth heating system?
Solar Radiation
When can a mean residence time be calculated?
When the system is in a steady-state
For most populations, what are the primary inputs and outputs used to determine net population change?
Human activity contributed to the extinction of the dodo bird because humans
Hunted dodos for food
What does an age-structure diagram represent?
The age distribution within a population, often grouped by gender
Which of the following is a primary component of photochemical smog?
Ozone
Which term describes the genetic makeup of an individual, including all of its alleles?
genotype
Until the 1960s, the population of the human species was undergoing a pattern of
Exponential Growth
What term BEST describes all the living and non-living things that interact with one another in a given area?
Ecosystem
What is an approximately 100-km thick region of rigid, relatively light rocks that surround Earth’s mantle and core?
Lithosphere
What is the main role of ozone in the stratosphere?
Absorbs ultraviolet light.
What specific organ in fetuses and children is particularly sensitive to lead?
Brain
What are the most common greenhouse gases?
Carbon Dioxide and Methane
Detritivores are important in an ecosystem because they
recycle nutrients by feeding on dead organic matter
What is grey water?
Water from sinks and showers
What is a characteristic of active solar energy systems?
Utilize fans, blowers, and pumps
Actively converting solar energy
In 1976, the United States established a _______________ exclusive fishery zone around the U.S. How many miles was the exclusive fisher zone?
200 miles
Which environmental system would be most relevant to the use of Mono Lake’s waters by the population of Los Angeles?
Water-use system
What major event in 1972 affected the Peruvian anchovy fishery?
the El Niño system is moving warm tropical waters into the region
What are two of the 3 primary nutrients found in all fertilizers?
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Potassium
Which type of hydroelectric generation is dependent on natural water flow?
Run-of-the-river
What is the estimated "background" rate of mammal extinctions per 10,000 species per one hundred years?