Atmosphere
The envelope that surrounds Earth
Atmosphere
The two properties of of air
Density and pressure
The instrument used to measure wind speed
Anemometer
The instrument used to measure temperature
Thermometer
The condition of Earth's atmosphere at a specific time and place
Weather
List the four main layers of the atmosphere
Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere
Height above sea level
Altitude
When wind cools down an area, making it feel cooler, but it's still the still temperature
Windchill factor
What are three types of heat transfer?
Convection, conduction, and radiation
Water in the form of a gas
Water vapor
What are the 2 smaller layers in the thermosphere?
Ionosphere and exosphere
The amount of mass in a given volume of air
density
How are local winds and global winds different?
Local winds are in a smaller area and global winds are in a larger area
How is heat mostly transferred in the troposphere?
Convection
The four main gases that make up air and their percentages
Nitrogen 78%, oxygen 21%, Carbon dioxide less than 1%, Argon less than 1%
How do scientists divide the layers of the atmosphere?
Temperature
Differences between a mercury barometer and and aneroid barometer
The mercury barometer uses mercury to measure the air pressure and is made of glass. An aneroid barometer is an air-tight metal chamber that compresses the higher the air pressure is
Differences between sea breezes and land breezes
Sea breezes blow from the sea to the land, and land breezes blow from the land towards the body of water
If there's a pond and a bucket that's filled with pond water, and they're both the same temperature, which one has more thermal energy?
The lake, because it has more mass
What is one fact about nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide
Examples are: Nitrogen is and abundant gas, fire used oxygen rapidly as it burns, and carbon dioxide makes up much less than 1% of the atmosphere
The layer that feels cold, but is actually the warmest, but feels cold because the molecules are so far apart
Thermosphere
The column of air pressing down on an area
Air pressure
The effect that since the earth is turning, the wind the would blow straight, curves to the left
The Coriolis effect
The upward movement of warm air and the downward movement of cool air forms what?
Convection currents
What drives motion in the atmosphere?
The sun