Energy & Matter
What is matter?
Anything that has mass and takes up space
What tool measures temperature?
A thermometer
What is heat?
Transfer of thermal energy
What is an energy transformation?
When energy changes from one form to another
Can energy be created or destroyed?
No
What is energy?
The ability to do work or cause change
What does temperature measure?
How hot or cold something is
What is specific heat?
Specific heat is the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance by a certain amount.
What transformation happens in a flashlight?
Chemical → Electrical → Light
What does the Law of Conservation of Energy say?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed or transferred
What type of energy is stored energy?
Potential energy
What happens to particles when temperature increases?
They move faster
Heat transfer through direct contact
Conduction
What transformation happens when you eat and run?
Chemical → Kinetic
When a ball stops bouncing, did the energy disappear?
No, it transformed into sound and thermal energy
What type of energy is energy of motion?
Kinetic energy
Which has more thermal energy: boiling water or ice?
Boiling water
Heat transfer through liquids and gases moving
Convection
What transformation happens in a toaster?
Electrical → Thermal
Why are energy transformations not 100% efficient?
Some energy becomes thermal energy/sound
Explain the difference between matter and energy.
Matter has mass and occupies space; energy causes change or movement
Explain the difference between temperature and thermal energy.
Temperature measures average particle movement; thermal energy is total heat energy
Heat transfer through waves without matter
Radiation
Give one example of energy transforming into more than two forms.
Example
Explain what happens to energy during a roller coaster ride.
Potential energy changes into kinetic energy and other forms