SOLUBILITY & “LIKE DISSOLVES LIKE”
What is solubility?
The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specified temperature.
What usually happens to the solubility of most solid solutes when temperature increases?
Their solubility increases.
What type of substance generally has a sour taste and turns blue litmus paper red?
Acid
What are the three main factors that affect the solubility of a solute?
Nature of the solute and solvent, temperature, and pressure.
What happens to the solubility of gases in liquids when temperature increases?
The solubility of gases decreases.
What type of substance generally tastes bitter and turns red litmus paper blue?
Base
What does the principle “like dissolves like” mean?
A solute tends to dissolve in a solvent with similar properties.
Why do bubbles appear when water is heated, even before it reaches its boiling point?
Dissolved gases, such as oxygen, become less soluble as temperature increases and escape from the water.
What happens to blue litmus paper when it is placed in an acidic solution?
It turns red.
Sugar dissolves easily in water but not in oil. Why?
Sugar and water are polar, so they have similar properties and can dissolve each other.
What happens to the solubility of a gas in a liquid when pressure above the liquid increases?
The gas becomes more soluble in the liquid.
What is the chemical reaction between an acid and a base that produces salt and water called?
Neutralization
Why does oil not mix with water?
Oil is nonpolar, while water is polar. Since they have different properties, they do not dissolve or mix well.
Why does a carbonated drink lose its fizz after the container is opened?
Opening the container reduces the pressure above the liquid, causing dissolved carbon dioxide to become less soluble and escape as bubbles.
A solution has a pH of 3. Is it acidic, neutral, or basic? What does its pH tell you about the solution?
It is acidic. A pH below 7 indicates an acidic solution.