Intro to the Human Body
What are the levels the organization of the human body, starting with the smallest unit?
Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems, Organism
Which part of the digestive tract moves food from the mouth to the stomach?
Esophagus
What are physical characteristics of organisms called?
Traits
Who is considered the Father of Evolution?
Charles Darwin
Name 5 systems of the human body.
skeletal, integumentary, muscular, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, excretory, nervous, endocrine, reproductive, immune/lymphatic
What are 2 examples of your body maintaining homeostasis?
Regulating temperature
Regulating blood sugar
Maintaining water balance
Responding to stress
Fighting disease
What part of the blood if most responsible for fighting disease?
White blood cells
Provide an example of a heterozygous genotype?
Aa - one capital letter, one lower case letter
Provide one type of evidence that supports evolutionary theory.
Fossils
Early/embryological development
DNA
Homologous/similar structures
Vestigial organs
What is another term for an educated guess (or proposed explanation) and serves as a starting point for further investigation?
Hypothesis
How many bones are there in the adult skeleton?
206
The substance produced by sweat glands is called _______.
Perspiration
How many chromosomes are in each human cell?
46
What is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce?
Natural Selection
Which part of the digestive tract prepares undigested food for elimination?
Large intestine
What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?
Skeletal, cardiac, smooth
Which gland in the endocrine system is involved when you have a growth spurt?
Pituitary gland
In a cross between 2 heterozygous parents, how many boxes of the Punnett Square will show offspring that is homozygous dominant?
1 out of 4 or 25%
What pattern, developed by scientists, describes species evolving during short periods of rapid change and then don't change much at all?
Punctuated equilibrium
Found in the blood, what are responsible for helping blood to clot when you have a cut?
Platelets
Central Nervous System
What are proteins that speed up chemical reactions in your body called?
Enzymes
What nitrogen base is paired with what nitrogen base?
Adenine - Thymine
Cytosine - Guanine
Who was the first scientist to propose a theory of evolution?
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
What is the path that air takes when it enters the body? You must name 5 areas.
Nose (and/or mouth)
Pharynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
Alveoli