Topic 1:
Rocks and Minerals
Rocks and Minerals
This test can be used to distinguish between gold and pyrite
What is a streak test?
Formed when magma or lava cools
What are igneous rocks?
The movement of rocks and mineral grains by wind and water
What is erosion?
Location where the earthquake begins (below the earth's surface)
What is the focus?
Formed by the edges of the Pacific plate this is where most volcanoes are found
What is the Ring of Fire?
Rocks are made up of this
What are minerals?
Formed through cementation or compaction
What are sedimentary rocks?
The breakdown of rocks into sediments
What is weathering?
The fastest of the 3 types of seismic waves
What are primary waves?
Where two converging plates meet resulting in one plate being pushed down melting and magma is forced through an opening
What is subduction zone?
The hardest mineral
What is diamond?
Obsidian is this type of rock
What is igneous?
Frost wedging is an example of this type of weathering
What is mechanical weathering?
This device is used to measure earthquake's seismic activity
What is a seismograph?
The name of the volcano that erupted in 79AD destroying the city of Pompei
What is Mount Vesuvius?
Describes how dull or shiny a rock or mineral is
What is lustre?
Formed through heat and pressure
What are metamorphic rocks?
Acid rain is an example of this type of weathering
What is chemical weathering?
The scale that describes the magnitude of an earthquake
What is the Richter Scale?
Volcanoes are classified by these two characteristics
What are thickness of magma and amount of gas?
A break with rough or jagged edges
What is fracture?
The term used to describe sedimentary rock layers
What is strata?
This type of weathering is caused by planets, bacteria, and/or fungi
What is biological weathering?
A fault created by converging tectonic plates
What is a reverse fault?
This type of volcano has broad gentle sloping sides, runny magma, and commonly build up from the sea floor resulting in the formation of islands
What are shield volcanoes?