Interactions and Ecosystems
What is the term for the relationship between living organisms and their environment?
Ecology
What are the four main parts of a plant?
Roots, stems, leaves, and flowers
What is the difference between thermal energy and temperature?
thermal energy is the total energy of all particles and temperature is the average energy of all particles
What is the difference between a natural and a manufactured structure?
natural structure is found in nature, manufactured structure is made by people
What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?
crust
What do we call the role an organism plays in its ecosystem?
Niche
What are the male and female parts of a flower?
Stamen (male), pistil (female)
What is a physical change?
A change that does not create a new substance, like melting ice.
What are the three types of structures?
Mass, frame, shell
What is the process called when rocks are broken down?
weathering
Name three types of consumers in an ecosystem.
herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores
How do farmers ensure their crops yield more?
By modifying the environment, using irrigation, and adding nutrients to the soil.
Which state change is from solid to gas?
sublimation
What is the difference between a static and dynamic load?
A static load is a non-moving, non-changing load acting on a structure. A dynamic load moves and changes over time.
What is the theory that explains how continents move?
Continental Drift
What is the process called where plants convert sunlight into energy?
photosynthesis
What is transpiration?
The process by which water evaporates from the leaves of the plant.
How is energy transferred in conduction compared to convection?
conduction is through direct contact of particles while convection is by the movement of particles in a fluid.
What two forces create bending?
tension and compression
What processes turns sediments into sedimentary rock?
Compaction and Cementation
What is biomagnification?
the process where toxic substances accumulate in higher concentrations as they move up the food chain
What structures in the stem of a plant transport water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves?
Xylem and phloem
How do thermometers work?
Thermometers measure temperature by using a liquid that expands and contracts with temperature changes.
What is the difference between mass and weight?
Mass is the amount of matter in an object, measured in grams, while weight is the measure of the force acting on an object, measured in newtons.
What instrument measures seismic waves during an earthquake?
Seismograph