UNIT 1
UNIT 2
UNIT 3
UNIT 4
UNIT 5
200
Which statement correctly defines the term scientific theory?
An explanation for observable phenomena.
200
Read the passage
In 1665, a scientist observed that cork consisted of small spaces surrounded by walls. He called these structures "Cells".
Which option correctly identifies the scientist in this passage?
-Rudolf Virchow
-Louis Pasteur
-Robert Hooke
-Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Robert Hooke
200
Read the statements.
When there is bleeding in the body, a/an _[blank 1]_ called CF8 acts to form blood clots. Some people cannot produce CF8 because their _[blank 2]_ for CF8 do not function properly. These people form blood clots very slowly—even minor wounds are dangerous for them.
Which option correctly completes these statements?
- blank 1: organelle
blank 2: genes - blank 1: protein
blank 2: membranes - blank 1: protein
blank 2: genes - blank 1: organelle
blank 2: membranes
BLANK 1: PROTIEN
BLANK 2: GENES
200
Which option explains the first known mass extinction?
-The first known mass extinction is in Precambrian era. It was caused by oxygen. Oxygen was produced by some types of bacteria performing photosynthesis. This event wiped out most of the bacteria that did not use oxygen.
-The first known mass extinction is in Paleozoic era. It was caused by oxygen. The oxygen was produced by some types of bacteria performing photosynthesis. This event wiped out most of the bacteria that used oxygen.
-The first known mass extinction is in Paleozoic era. It was caused by carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide was produced by some types of bacteria performing photosynthesis. This event wiped out most of the bacteria that did not use carbon dioxide
-The first known mass extinction is in Precambrian era. It was caused by carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide was produced by some types of bacteria performing photosynthesis. This event wiped out most of the bacteria that did not use carbon dioxide.
THE FIRST KNOWN MASS EXTINCTION IS IN PRECAMBRIAN ERA. IT WAS CAUSED BY OXYGE. OXYGEN WAS PRODUCED BY SOME TYPES OF BACTERIA PERFORMING PHOTOSYNTHESIS. THIS EVENT WIPED OUT MOST OF THE BACTERIA THAT DID NOT USE OXYGEN.
200
Read the statements.
In some regions, finding food in the winter is difficult. Some animals _[blank 1]_ to warmer regions. Other animals may go into a state of _[blank 2]_. These behavioral cycles in organisms _[blank 3]_ their chances of survival.
Which option shows how to correctly complete these statements?
-blank 1: hibernate
blank 2: migration
blank 3: increase
-blank 1: migrate
blank 2: hibernation
blank 3: increase
-blank 1: hibernate
blank 2: migration
blank 3: decrease
-blank 1: migrate
blank 2: hibernation
blank 3: decrease
BLANK 1: MIGRATE
BLANK 2:HIBERNATION
BLANK 3: INCREASE
400
Which option presents a valid hypothesis in the correct format?
- If cotton plants need a consistent amount of water to grow steadily, then a cotton plant that displays steady growth will receive 100 ml of water every day.
- If cotton plants need a consistent amount of water to grow steadily, then a cotton plant that receives 100 mL of water every day will display steady growth.
- If a cotton plant displays steady growth, it will receive 100 mL of water every day.
-If a cotton plant receives 100 mL of water every day, it will display steady growth.
- If cotton plants need a consistent amount of water to grow steadily, then a cotton plant that receives 100 mL of water every day will display steady growth.
400
The sense of touch is caused by receptors in the skin that respond to what sort of input?
(Select all that apply.)
-Chemicals
-Pressure
-Light
-Heat
PRESSURE AND HEAT
400
Which term is defined as a genotype composed of two identical alleles?
- haploid
- heterozygous
- diploid
- homozygous
HOMOZYGOUS
400
Which examples show how competition leads to nature selecting favorable traits?
(Select all that apply.)
- Plover birds are specialized in cleaning food from the teeth of crocodiles. Crocodiles allow the birds to clean their mouths.
-Large male sea lions have an advantage in finding mates. The largest of male sea lions have an advantage over other males during breeding season.
- Gazelles rely on speed to escape predators. Cheetahs have become very fast in short bursts to hunt gazelles.
- Some plant seeds have hard outer coverings for protection. Some birds have developed specialized beaks to open these.
- LARGE MALE SEA LIONS HAVE AN ADVANTAGE IN FINDING MATES. THE LARGEST MALE SEA LIONS HAVE AN ADVANTAGE OVER THE OTHER MALES DURING BREEDING SEASON.
- GAZELLES RELY ON SPEED TO ESCAPE PREDATORS.CHEEYAHS HAVE BECOME VERY FAST IN SHORT BURSTA TO HUNT GAZELLES.
- SOME PLANTS SEEDS HAVE HARD OUTER COVERINGS FOR PROTECTION. SOME BIRDS HAVE DEVELOPED SPECIALIZED BEAKS TO OPEN THESE.
400
Which physical adaptation reduces a plant’s chances of being eaten?
-having stems that extend horizontally
-producing flowers with sweet nectar
-having bark that tastes bitter
-losing leaves in dry seasons
HAVING BARK THAT TASTES BITTER
600
Read the scenario containing incomplete statements.
A climatologist is presenting his work at a conference. He decides to use a [_BLANK_1_] model to perform calculations that demonstrate the relationship between global temperature and other variables. Because the large amount of calculations, he also plans to use a [_BLANK_2] model to predict how sea levels will change with a rise in temperature.
Which two words fil in the blanks in the paragraph?
-Mathematical
-Conceptual
-Closed
-Computer
[BLANK_1] MATHEMATICAL
[BLANK_2] COMPUTER
600
Read the scenario.
A group of plants cells are placed in water and kept in the dark. The cells eventually all die.
Which option most accurately describes why the cells died?
-The cells did not have access to sunlight. The cells died when existing reserves of sunlight were used up.
-
The cells did not have access to carbon dioxide. The cells died when existing reserves of carbon dioxide were used up.
-The cells did not have access to sunlight to create more sugar. It is sugar that fuels the cellular activities that maintain life. The cells did not have access to sunlight to create more sugar. It is sugar that fuels the cellular activities that maintain life. , ,
-The cells did not have access to oxygen to create carbon dioxide. It is carbon dioxide that fuels the cellular activities that maintain life
THE CELLS DID NOT HAVE ACCESS TO SUNLIGHT TO CREATE MORE SUGAR. IT IS SUGAR THAT FUELS THE CELLULAR ACTIVITIES THAT MAINTAIN LIFE.
600
Study the pedigree chart of albinism, a recessive trait.
Based on this chart, which of these are possible?
(Select all that apply.)
- Either A or B was a carrier.
- Both A and B were albinos.
- Both A and B were carriers.
- Either A or B was an albino.
-EITHER A OR B WAS A CARRIER.
-BOTH A AND B WERE CARRIERS.
-EITHER A OR B WAS ALBINO.
600
Which statement comparing naturally and artificially selected organisms is correct?
- The traits selected by natural selection may or may not enhance fitness in the wild; the traits selected by artificial selection will generally make the organism more fit in the wild.
- The traits selected by natural selection generally enhance fitness in the wild; the traits selected by artificial selection may or may not make the organism more fit in the wild.
- The traits selected by both natural selection and artificial selection may or may not enhance fitness in the wild.
- The traits selected by both natural selection and artificial selection generally enhance fitness in the wild.
THE TRAITS SELECTED BY NATURAL SELECTION GENERALLY ENHANCE FITNESS IN THE WILD; THE TRAITS SELECTED BY ARTIFICIAL SELECTION MAY OR MAY NOT MAKE THE ORGANISM MORE FIT IN THE WILD.
600
Which organisms are in a parasitic relationship?
-a bird builds a nest on a tree
-an insect gets nectar and pollen from a flower
-a cuckoo lays its egg on another bird’s nest
-a wasp eats another insect
A CUCKOO LAYS ITS EGG ON ANOTHER BIRD'S NEST
800
Which components of a reading assignment can be scanned as part of a before-reading strategy?
-Questions and Answers
-Graphs and Symbols
-Glossary and Index
-Explanations and Mathematical Equations
GRAPHS AND SYMBOLS
800
Which option provides an accurate description of the shape of DNA?
- A single chromosome
- A double helix
- A single helix
- A double chromosome
A DOUBLE HELIX
800
Which traits are most likely controlled by more than one gene?
(Select all that apply.)
- height ranging from short to tall.
- having a widow’s peak or not.
- hair color ranging from light to dark.
- eye color ranging from light to dark
-HEIGHT RANGING FROM SHORT TO TALL
-HAIR COLOR RANGING FROM LIGHT TO DARK
-EYE COLOR RANGING FROM LIGHT TO DARK
800
Read the statements.
Early fish had gills but no jaws. The study of _[blank 1]_ revealed that gills and jaws form from the same cells. Further study revealed that _[blank 2]_.
Which set of options correctly completes these statements?
- blank 1: embryos
blank 2: gills evolved from jaws
- blank 1: fossils
blank 2: gills evolved from jaws
- blank 1: embryos
blank 2: jaws evolved from gills
-blank 1: fossils
blank 2: jaws evolved from gills
BLANK 1: EMBRYOS
BLANK 2: JAWS EVOLVED FROM GILLS
800
Which options describe the role of kidneys in regulating water in animals’ bodies?
(Select all that apply.)
-Kidneys can control water loss but cannot control water intake.
-Kidneys may release water back into the body in times of water loss.
-Kidneys may release water back into the body in times of excess water.
-Kidneys control water intake but cannot control water loss.
- KIDNEYS CAN CONTROL WATER LOSS BUT CANNOT CONTROL WATER INTAKE
-KIDNEYS RELEASE WATER BACK INTO THE BODY IN TIME OF WATER LOSS.
1000
Read the statements.
l. A pilot checks the speed of wind before landing on a plane.
ll. A gardener makes trials with different amounts of fertilizer to achieve the best results for a planet.
lll. A carpenter designs a new table.
Which of these activities is scientific?
-l and ll
-lll only
-l and lll
-l only
l and lll
1000
Look at the list of properties of asexual reproduction.
PROPERTOES OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
-Asexual reproduction is faster. (Does not involve looking for a male)
-Asexual reproduction produces an offspring that is genetically similar to its parent.
Which option describes a situation when asexual reproduction would be MORE ADVANTEGOUS to an organism?
-Conditions are stable, and having many genetically similar organisms has a low risk of failure.
-Conditions are unstable, and having many genetically similar organisms has a high risk of failure.
-Conditions are stable, and having many genetically similar organisms has a high risk of failure.
-Conditions are unstable, and having many genetically similar organisms has a low risk of failure.
- CONDITIONS ARE STABLE, AND HAVING MANY GENETICALLY SIMILAR ORGANISMS HAS A LOW RISK OF FAILURE.
1000
Read the statement.
In people, dark hair colors (like black) are dominant over light hair colors (like blond).
Which statements describe a case that cannot be explained by Mendel’s genetics?
(Select all that apply.)
- A person with two black-haired parents has blond hair.
- A person with two black-haired parents has brown hair.
- A person with a light-haired parent and a black-haired parent has black hair.
- A person with two black-haired parents has black hair.
-A PERSON WITH TWO BLACK-HAIRED PARENTS HAS BROWN HAIR
1000
Read the statement.
The male peafowl (peacock) has an elaborate tail that slows down the peacock and makes it harder for him to escape from predators.
How does the peacock’s tail increase the peacock’s overall fitness?
-A male with an impressive tail is more attractive to the females. That male has an advantage and is likely to reproduce more.
-A male with an impressive tail is less attractive to the females. That male has an advantage because the females ignore him, giving him the chance to survive longer.
-A male with a small tail is less attractive to the females. That male has an advantage because the females ignore him, giving him the chance to survive longer.
-A male with a large tail makes him slower and harder for the females to notice. The male has an advantage and is likely to reproduce more.
A MALE WITH AN IMPRESSIVE TAIL IS MORE ATTRACTIVE TO THE FEMALES. THE MALE HAS AN ADVANTAGE AND IS LIKELY TO REPRODUCE MORE.
1000
Which option is a cause of acid rain?
-the sunlight reaching Earth due to a hole in the ozone layer
-methane gas emissions by wildlife
-sulfur gas emissions by human activities
-the sunlight reflected back to the atmosphere by large cities
SULFUR GAS EMISSIONS BY ACTIVITIES