Data Interpretation & Graph Analysis
What is the dependent variable in an experiment?
A) The variable that is manipulated
B) The variable that remains constant
C) The variable that is measured
D) The variable that is removed
C) The variable that is measured
What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?
A) To introduce new variables
B) To provide a baseline for comparison
C) To change the outcome of the experiment
D) To eliminate the independent variable
B) To provide a baseline for comparison
Which macromolecule is the primary source of energy for cells?
A) Proteins
B) Lipids
C) Carbohydrates
D) Nucleic acids
C) Carbohydrates
What is the atomic number of an element?
A) The number of protons
B) The number of neutrons
C) The number of electrons plus neutrons
D) The total mass of the atom
A) The number of protons
What is the main cause of Earth's seasons?
A) The changing distance between the Earth and the Sun
B) The tilt of Earth's axis
C) The speed of Earth’s rotation
D) The gravitational pull of the Moon
B) The tilt of Earth's axis
A graph shows the relationship between temperature and enzyme activity. If enzyme activity decreases as temperature increases, what type of relationship is shown?
A) Direct
B) Inverse
C) Cyclical
D) No relationship
B) Inverse
A scientist wants to test how fertilizer affects plant growth. What is the independent variable?
A) Type of soil
B) Amount of water
C) Type of fertilizer
D) Height of the plant
C) Type of fertilizer
What organelle is responsible for producing ATP?
A) Nucleus
B) Mitochondria
C) Ribosome
D) Golgi apparatus
B) Mitochondria
What is Newton’s First Law of Motion also known as?
A) Law of Acceleration
B) Law of Inertia
C) Law of Gravity
D) Law of Momentum
B) Law of Inertia
What type of rock is formed from cooled lava or magma?
A) Sedimentary
B) Metamorphic
C) Igneous
D) Fossilized
C) Igneous
A table shows plant growth in different light intensities. What conclusion can be drawn if the tallest plants grew under the highest light intensity?
A) Light intensity negatively affects plant growth
B) Higher light intensity promotes plant growth
C) Plant growth is unrelated to light intensity
D) Low light intensity is best for plant growth
B) Higher light intensity promotes plant growth
In a study testing the effect of caffeine on heart rate, what should remain constant?
A) The amount of caffeine given
B) The number of participants
C) The initial heart rate
D) The temperature of the room
D) The temperature of the room
Which process describes water moving across a selectively permeable membrane?
A) Diffusion
B) Osmosis
C) Active transport
D) Facilitated diffusion
B) Osmosis
Which state of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape?
A) Solid
B) Liquid
C) Gas
D) Plasma
B) Liquid
Which layer of Earth's atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
A) Troposphere
B) Stratosphere
C) Mesosphere
D) Thermosphere
B) Stratosphere
A line graph shows that as pressure increases, the volume of a gas decreases. What gas law does this support?
A) Charles’s Law
B) Boyle’s Law
C) Avogadro’s Law
D) Newton’s Law
B) Boyle’s Law
What is the best way to increase the reliability of an experiment?
A) Test only one participant
B) Repeat the experiment multiple times
C) Change multiple variables
D) Use a small sample size
B) Repeat the experiment multiple times
What part of the cell contains genetic material?
A) Ribosome
B) Mitochondria
C) Nucleus
D) Endoplasmic reticulum
C) Nucleus
What happens to a substance when it undergoes a physical change?
A) It forms a new substance
B) Its chemical composition changes
C) Its state or appearance changes, but not its composition
D) Its molecular structure is altered
C) Its state or appearance changes, but not its composition
What is the primary cause of ocean tides?
A) Earth’s rotation
B) Wind currents
C) The gravitational pull of the Moon
D) Underwater volcanic activity
C) The gravitational pull of the Moon
A study measures the effect of pH on bacterial growth. Which pH value is likely to produce the highest bacterial growth based on most natural environments?
A) 2
B) 5
C) 7
D) 12
C) 7
Which of the following is an example of a hypothesis?
A) If the temperature increases, then plant growth will increase.
B) Plants grow best in warm temperatures.
C) Temperature affects plant growth.
D) I believe temperature influences plant growth.
A) If the temperature increases, then plant growth will increase.
In an experiment testing the effect of light on photosynthesis, what is the best way to measure the rate of photosynthesis?
A) Measuring plant height
B) Counting the number of leaves
C) Measuring the amount of oxygen produced
D) Weighing the plant roots
C) Measuring the amount of oxygen produced
If a car doubles its speed, how does its kinetic energy change?
A) It stays the same
B) It doubles
C) It triples
D) It quadruples
D) It quadruples
What type of galaxy is the Milky Way?
A) Elliptical
B) Spiral
C) Irregular
D) Lenticular
B) Spiral