Lab Safety
What piece of equipment protects your eyes during experiments?
Safety goggles
What are the three common states of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas
What structure controls what enters and leaves the cell?
Cell membrane
What planet is known as the Red Planet?
Mars
What do we call a possible explanation that can be tested?
Hypothesis
What should you do first if a chemical spills on your skin?
Rinse with water and tell the teacher
What is the smallest unit of an element?
Atom
Which organelle is known as the “powerhouse of the cell”?
Mitochondria
What layer of the Earth is made of tectonic plates?
Crust
Which variable is deliberately changed in an experiment?
Independent variable
Why is eating or drinking not allowed in the lab?
To prevent contamination or accidental ingestion of chemicals
What do we call a substance made of two or more elements chemically combined?
Compound
What process do plants use to make glucose?
Photosynthesis
What process turns sediment into sedimentary rock?
Compaction and cementation
Why is it important to repeat experiments?
To increase reliability and accuracy
What symbol warns you that a substance may be toxic or harmful?
Hazard symbol (skull and crossbones)
Why must chemical equations be balanced?
Because matter is conserved
What molecule carries genetic information in living organisms?
DNA
Why are temperatures generally colder at higher elevations?
Lower air pressure / lapse rate
What type of graph is best for showing change over time?
Line graph
Why is it important to waft a chemical instead of smelling it directly?
To avoid inhaling harmful fumes and protect your respiratory system
Explain the difference between a physical change and a chemical change, giving one example of each.
Physical change: no new substance formed (melting ice); Chemical change: new substance formed (rusting)
Name two differences between plant and animal cells.
Examples: plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts; animal cells do not
Explain how latitude affects climate.
Higher latitudes receive less direct sunlight and are generally colder
Why must a controlled experiment include a control group?
To compare results and determine if the independent variable caused the change