Biology
How many chromosomes does a human gamete contain?
ANSWER: 23
Other than hydrogen and the noble elements, What non-noble element has the lowest energy valence orbitals?
ANSWER: FLUORINE
For an airplane in steady, level flight, what resisting force is equal and opposite to the vehicle thrust?
ANSWER: DRAG
What gas accounts for approximately 78% of the dry volume of Earth’s atmosphere?
ANSWER: X) NITROGEN
The webbed hand of a human embryo develops into five separate fingers by a process of programmed cell death. What is the term for this process?
ANSWER: APOPTOSIS
How many electrons does the beryllium two plus cation have in its valence [VAY-lence] shell?
ANSWER: TWO
Carbon-10 has a half-life of approximately 19 seconds. Approximately how long, in seconds, will it take for a sample of carbon-10 to decay to one sixteenth of its original size?
ANSWER: 76
What state of matter is the most common in the universe?
ANSWER: PLASMA
The citric acid cycle is a component of what kind of metabolic process?
W) AEROBIC RESPIRATION
In the balanced equation for the combustion of octane, what are the coefficients for carbon dioxide and water respectively?
ANSWER: 16; 18
A horizontal force of 90 newtons is applied to a 20-kilogram block that is initially at rest on a horizontal surface. The coefficient of static friction between the block and the surface is 0.5 and the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.2. In meters per second squared, what is the acceleration of the block?
ANSWER: 0
The Jurassic period occurred during which era?
ANSWER: X) MESOZOIC
In animal cells, what type of cellular junction is formed by connexons and enables molecules to pass from cell to cell?
ANSWER: GAP JUNCTIONS
Balance the chemical equation: C4H10 + O2 → CO2 + H2O.
ANSWER: 2C4H10 + 13O2 -> 8CO2 + 10H2O
A ball is thrown at a 30 degree angle with respect to the horizontal at a speed of 60 meters per second. At what time, to the nearest whole second, does the ball reach the highest point in its trajectory?
ANSWER: 3
What layer of the Earth’s atmosphere contains approximately 75% of its air mass?
ANSWER: W) TROPOSPHERE
What early developmental stage of an animal follows the morula stage and consists of a single, spherical layer of cells enclosing a hollow, central cavity?
ANSWER: BLASTULA
One confirmed transformation of ununoctium is the decay of ununoctium-294 into livermorium-290. What type of decay process is this?
ANSWER: ALPHA DECAY
To the nearest whole number of joules, what is the work done by gravity on a 500-gram ball that has rolled 20 meters down a 30-degree incline?
ANSWER: 49
COROT was a mission run by the European Space Agency to find what type of celestial objects?
ANSWER: EXOPLANETS (ACCEPT: EXTRASOLAR PLANETS, PLANETS)
List three examples of symbiotic relationships in ecosystems, including the specific types of symbiosis involved in each.
ANSWER (answers may vary from examples given):
Mutualism - e.g., the relationship between bees and flowers, where bees obtain nectar and pollinate flowers.
Commensalism - e.g., barnacles attaching to whales, benefiting from the whale's movement without significantly affecting the whale.
Parasitism - e.g., ticks feeding on the blood of a host, negatively impacting the host's health.