Science Ch. 1 Rocks

A

1

What is the thin outer layer of the earth called?

crust

2

Name the type of rock formed from magma or volcanic lava.

igneous

3

What do you call the characteristic of a mineral to break along smooth, straight lines or into flat sheets?

cleavage

4

What type of rock is slate?

metamorphic

5

What type of rock is obsidian?

igneous

6

Name 3 uses of minerals

toothpaste, fertilizer, dry wall, pottery, electronics, glass, foods, drinks, medicines, and paint

B

1

What is the name given to a person who studies the structure, rocks, and minerals of the earth?

geologist

2

What is the center of the earth called?

core

3

Can a substance be a mineral and a metal?

Yes

4

Name the rock-like substance that forms from decayed plant matter.

coal

5

The way that a mineral reflects light is called its ____.

luster

6

The Mohs scale is used to determine the hardness of _____.

minerals

C

1

Name the type of rock formed by heat and pressure deep below the earth's crust.

metamorphic

2

Weathering produces small bits of weathered rock called....?

sediments

3

Where is most of the earth's mass located?

in the mantle

4

What do you call the color of the mark made when a mineral sample is rubbed on a harder surface?

streak

5

The ability of a mineral to resist scratching is called _____.

hardness

6

Where are minerals usually found?

on the surface of the earth or buried in the earth's crust in rocks or in veins

D

1

What do you call the hot melted rock that makes up the mantle of the earth?

magma

2

What is the term for an inorganic substance found naturally in the earth?

a mineral

3

What do you call gemstones that are beautiful and rare?

precious stones

4

What type of rock is limestone?

sedimentary

5

What do you call a hard, natural substance made of one or more minerals that contain organic materials?

a rock

6

How could weathering and erosion help people find minerals?

It could move some of the material on the earth's surface and show lower levels of the earth where minerals might be found.

E

1

What do you call a substance made of things that were never alive?

inorganic

2

What do you call the movement of sediment from one place to another?

erosion

3

Name the type of rock that forms when layers of sediment and organic material harden

sedimentary

4

What do you call the loose material on the surface of the earth in which plants grow?

soil

5

What do you call a mineral that can be cut and polished for use?

a gemstone

6

How could the Flood have contributed to the formation of sedimentary rock?

It could have moved large amounts of dirt and particles that would settle into layers when the water dried up.