What is the thin outer layer of the earth called?
crust
What is the name given to a person who studies the structure, rocks, and minerals of the earth?
geologist
Name the type of rock formed by heat and pressure deep below the earth's crust.
metamorphic
What do you call the hot melted rock that makes up the mantle of the earth?
magma
What do you call a substance made of things that were never alive?
inorganic
igneous
What is the center of the earth called?
core
Weathering produces small bits of weathered rock called....?
sediments
What is the term for an inorganic substance found naturally in the earth?
a mineral
What do you call the movement of sediment from one place to another?
erosion
What do you call the characteristic of a mineral to break along smooth, straight lines or into flat sheets?
cleavage
Yes
Where is most of the earth's mass located?
in the mantle
What do you call gemstones that are beautiful and rare?
precious stones
Name the type of rock that forms when layers of sediment and organic material harden
sedimentary
What type of rock is slate?
metamorphic
Name the rock-like substance that forms from decayed plant matter.
coal
What do you call the color of the mark made when a mineral sample is rubbed on a harder surface?
streak
What type of rock is limestone?
What do you call the loose material on the surface of the earth in which plants grow?
soil
What type of rock is obsidian?
igneous
The way that a mineral reflects light is called its ____.
luster
The ability of a mineral to resist scratching is called _____.
hardness
What do you call a hard, natural substance made of one or more minerals that contain organic materials?
a rock
What do you call a mineral that can be cut and polished for use?
Name 3 uses of minerals
toothpaste, fertilizer, dry wall, pottery, electronics, glass, foods, drinks, medicines, and paint
The Mohs scale is used to determine the hardness of _____.
minerals
Where are minerals usually found?
on the surface of the earth or buried in the earth's crust in rocks or in veins
How could weathering and erosion help people find minerals?
It could move some of the material on the earth's surface and show lower levels of the earth where minerals might be found.
How could the Flood have contributed to the formation of sedimentary rock?
It could have moved large amounts of dirt and particles that would settle into layers when the water dried up.