Know your boundaries
shaking that results from the movement of a rock beneath the Earth's surface
earthquake
The point beneath the Earth where an earthquake begins
focus
Point on the earth's surface directly about the focus
epicenter
Magma that reaches the Earth's surface
Lava
Vent on the side of the volcano where gases and lava force their way out
side vent
created by a collision between 2 pieces of continental plates at convergent boundaries
mountain range
An ocean wave caused by an earthquake
tsunami
Molten rock below the earth's surface
Magma
A bowl shaped area that may form at the top of a volcano around a central vent
Crater
The pocket beneath a volcano where magma collects
Magma Chamber
The boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other horizontally
transform boundary
Measure of the energy of the energy released during an earthquake
Magnitude
A plate boundary that sometimes allows molten rock from under the crust to fill in the gaps and form new land
normal faults
A wide, gently sloping mountain made of laters of lava and formed by quiet eruptions
Shield Volcano
A theory stating that the earth's surface is broken into plates that move
Plate tectonics
The boundary between tectonic plates that are colliding
convergent boundary
The rocks on either side of the fault slip past each other sideways (horizontally)with a little up or down motion
strike-slip fault
This rates earthquakes according to the level of damage at a given place
Mercalli Scale
Tall, cone shaped mountains in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash
Composite Volcano
The rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle
Lithosphere
The longest slip-strike fault in Southern California
San Andreas Fault
A type of fault where the hanging wall slides upward
reverse fault
Scale that rates an earthquake's magnitude based on the size of seismic waves.
Richter Scale
The main outlet for the magma to escape
Main Vent
A surface wave in which the individual particles of material move only back and forth in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the direction of wave travel (zig zag)
Love waves (L-waves)