Comprehending + Expressing Scientific Information
What symbol separates the reactants side from the product side of a chemical equation?
→
The arrow points to the products' side of the equation.
What is a hypothesis?
How should a hypothesis be written?
If... then... because...
OR
I think... because...
How do you find the mode in a given dataset?
The mode is the most common number in the dataset. If no number is repeated, there is no mode.
if density=mass/volume, where volume=3 cubic centimeters and mass=15 grams, what is the density?
5 grams/cubic centimeter
What do writers support their main ideas with? Name at least two.
Details
Facts
Evidence
What 3 things must a hypothesis be?
clear, specific, and testable.
What is the difference between independent and dependent variables?
Independent variables are what you change on purpose
Dependent variables are the results you observe/what you measure
What is the range of this dataset? 8, 10, 4, 2, 24, 15, 17, 12, 6, 9
22
24-2=22
if density=mass/volume, where density=4 grams per cubic centimeter and mass=48 grams, what is the volume?
12 cubic centimeters
What symbol shows that a chemical equation can go both directions?
⇆
What's the difference between sample and population?
A sample is a portion of the population you are studying. The sample is who you are studying. The population is everyone who you could possibly study given your parameters.
What's the difference between an experimental study and observational study?
An experimental study often happens in controlled conditions. You often need to have at least one experimental group and a control group. You also need to have controlled variables. In this type of study, the researcher manipulates the conditions.
An observational study does not happen in a controlled environment. Oftentimes the researcher is observing already existing conditions and merely noting them down. In this type of study, the researcher does NOT manipulate the conditions.
What is an outlier?
a data point much larger or much smaller than the rest
if velocity=displacement/time, where displacement is 30 meters and velocity is 5 meters/second, what is the time?
6 seconds.
Trends in data help us do what?
make predictions about the future
Explain the importance of controlled variables
If you do not control your variables, you cannot be certain that your results are strictly the outcome of your independent variable. All other variables must be consistent throughout your experiment to be able to draw a conclusion based on accurate information.
What's the difference between experimental and control groups? AND why is it important to have a control group?
An experimental group is your "treatment" group. This is the group that receives your independent variable.
A control group is your baseline group. This group does not receive your independent variable.
It's important to have a control group baseline for comparison, to see whether or not your independent variable is indeed having an effect on your outcomes. This ensures reliable results.
What is the median of this dataset? 8, 10, 4, 2, 24, 15, 17, 12, 6, 9
9.5
If Kinetic Energy=(1/2)*mass*velocity2, where velocity is 6 meters/second and Kinetic Energy is 54 Joules, then what is the mass?
3 kg
What is the difference between a law, a fact, and a theory?
A fact is an observation
A law is a description of a phenomenon and how it occurs; it is repeatedly observed to be true
A theory is a well-tested and generally accepted explanation of why a phenomenon occurs
What are the steps to the scientific method?
1. Observe a phenomenon and formulate a question
2. Collect background information
3. Form a hypothesis
4. Test the hypothesis through an experiment
4.5 Analyze your test's data (if you got this part right, you get an extra 100 points!)
5. Draw a conclusion
Name at least 3 ways to reduce bias in a study.
Randomization
Blinding/double blinding
Control groups/control variables
Peer review
Increase sample size/representative sample
Disclose all limitations of your study when publishing
Calculate the mean (or average) of this dataset? 8, 10, 4, 2, 24, 15, 17, 12, 6, 9
10.7
Kinetic Energy=(1/2)*mass*velocity2. If you were to double the velocity an the object, while keeping the mass constant, how would that affect your Kinetic Energy? Would your Kinetic Energy be:
A. half as great
B. Double
C. 4 times as great
D. Remain the same
C. 4 times as great