Explain the difference between potential and kinetic energy.
Potential is stored; kinetic is moving energy.
100
What is energy due to something's position on Earth?
Ex: a ball lifted off the ground
Gravitational potential
100
What is energy something has because of its shape?
Ex. a stretched rubber band
Elastic potential
100
What is energy something has because of the atoms that make it?
Ex. a battery
Chemical potential
100
The amount of gravitational potential energy an object has depends on the object's _____ and _____.
Height and mass
200
To increase the amount of gravitational potential energy an object has, either raise it ______ or add _______.
higher, mass
200
What happens to the amount of potential energy stored between objects with magnetic or static electricity as the distance between the objects decreases?
the energy stored increases
200
Tell the energy transfer that occurs when a person eats, then goes running.
Chemical to mechanical
200
Tell the energy transfer that occurs in an electric oven.
electric to thermal
200
State the law of conservation of energy.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed in form.
300
Give an example of an energy transfer that follows the law of conservation, and explain how the law is being followed.
A roller coaster; energy is never created or destroyed, it just keeps changing from potential to kinetic and back.
300
In every energy transfer, some of the original energy transfers _____ due to ______.
thermal, friction
300
How can something like ice move from being a solid, then liquid, then gas?
thermal energy has to be added
300
How can something like steam move from being a gas, then liquid, then solid?
thermal energy has to be removed
300
Explain why putting ice in a glass of water makes the water cooler.
Heat moves from the water into the ice
400
When does heat stop transferring between to objects?
when they are the same temperature
400
Is boiling soup an example of conduction, convection, or radiation?
convection
400
You place a spoon in the boiling soup, and it gets hot. Is this conduction, convection, or radiation?
conduction
400
As your soup boils, you notice some droplets forming on the outside of the soup pan. What is happening?
The steam cooled and condensed.
400
You mix two equal amounts of water that are different temperatures. How can you find the temperature of the mixture?
The average of the two.
500
Define and give an example of a good conductor of heat.
allows heat to move easily
Ex. anything metal
500
You have 2 containers of water. One container has 50 mL and the other 100 mL. Which will boil first? Why?
The 50 mL. There are less molecules to speed up.
500
Compare the boiling points of 50 mL of water and 100 mL of water.
They boil at the same temperature, 100 degrees.
500
Compare the thermal energy of 50 mL of boiling water and 100 mL of boiling water.
Even though they are the same temperature, the 100 mL has more energy because it has more molecules.