A characteristic of a substance that can be observed or changed without changing the identity of the substance.
100
What is a physical change?
A change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance.
100
What is the difference between atoms and molecueles?
Atoms: Smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element.
Molecules: Two or more different or the same atoms chemically combined.
100
What is a solid? Describe the particles.
A substance that has a definite volume and shape. The particles are close together and vibrate in place. Often the particles are in a pattern.
200
What is mass? What is volume?
Mass is the amount of matter in an object. Volume is the amount of space an object takes up.
200
Give 3 physical properties
(ex)Density, solubility, electrical and thermal conductivity, malleability, luster, and melting and boiling points.
200
What is the law of conservation of mass?
In ordinary chemical and physical changes, mass is neither created nor destroyed.
200
What are two major classifications of matter? What are their definitions?
Pure substances- a substance that has definite chemical and physical properties. It is made up of the same type of molecule.
Mixtures- A variety of elements and compounds that are not chemically combined to each other.
200
What is a liquid? Describe the particles.
A substance with a definite volume but not a definite shape. The particles slide past one another because they have more kinetic energy.
300
What is density, and what is the unit?
Density is the amount of mass in a given volume. The unit is g/cm cubed
300
What is a chemical property
A substance's ability to change into a new substance with different properties.
300
What is a chemical change?
One or more substances change into an entirely new substances with different properties.
300
What is the difference between a compound and a chemical bond?
A compound: Made up of different kinds of atoms chemically combined. They have different properties than the elements that make them up.
A chemical bond: an interaction that holds atoms or ions together.
300
What is a gas? Describe the particles.
A substance without a definite volume or shape. The particles have the most kinetic energy allowing the space between particles to decrease or increase with changes in temperature or pressure.
400
What is the SI unit for mass?
grams
400
List 2 examples of chemical properties.
(ex) Flammability, reactivity with substances such as oxygen, water, and acid.
400
Give 2 chemical changes and 3 physical changes.
Chemical Examples: Burning a piece of wood, letting silver be exposed to oxygen to tarnish.
Physical Examples: Bending a nail, melting an ice cube, cutting a piece of paper, cutting your hair.
400
What are the two types of mixtures and what categories can they be broken down into?
Homogeneous: The substances are spread throughout. --> Solutions
Heterogeneous: Does not have a uniform composition. -->
Colloid and Suspension
400
How does a change of state occur?
The amount of energy increases, particle motion increases, and bonds are broken.
500
What are the two SI units of volume?
liters and cm cubed
500
Which ones of the following are chemical properties? Physical properties:
-Reactive with acid
-Colorless
-Tarnishing
-Texture
Physical properties: colorless, texture
Chemical properties: tarnishing, reactivity with acid
500
Give 5 examples to show that a chemical change has occurred.
(ex) Production of an odor, production of bubbles or a gas, formation of a precipitate, change in color, change in energy, light is formed
500
List four ways to separate mixtures?
(ex) a centrifuge, distillation, evaporation, magnet
500
What is vaporization and sublimation? Give an example for both.
A liquid to a gas is vaporization. Boiling and evaporation are a part of vaporization. A puddle on the sidewalk.
A solid to a gas is sublimation. Solid dry ice to carbon dioxide gas.