MISC
MISC
MISC
MISC
MISC
MISC
MISC
100
What are variable gases?
gases whose amounts change in the atmosphere
100
What was early earth's atmosphere mainly formed from?
volacanic activity
100
What atmospheric layer contains weather?
Troposphere
100
What is evaporation
liquid to gas
100
What process forms clouds?
condensation
100
What tropic level contains producers?
1st tropic level
100
What shape is exponential growth curve?
J-shaped
200
Give examples of variable gases
Water vapor, Carson dioxide, methane, ozone
200
How did oceans form?
water vapor condenses as earth cooled
200
Which atmospheric layer contains the ozone layer?
Stratosphere
200
What is condensation
gas to liquid
200
How does runoff affect rivers and streams?
Can lead to flooding and erosion and make pollution
200
Why is less energy available at higher tropic levels?
Because only 10% of energy transfers up
200
what is carrying capacity?
the maximum population size for an enviorment
300
What is methane
strong greenhouse gas from agriculture and fossil fuels
300
Name 4 variable gases
water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, ozone
300
Why does atmospheric pressure decrease with altitude?
because air expands
300
what is precipitation
water falls to Earth
300
Explain how the sun drives the water cycle?
The heat leads to evaporation and kicks off the whole cycle
300
What is mutualism?
Both benefit
birds eating the bugs of animals
300
What is the difference between density-independent and density-dependent limiting factors?
Dependent factors are biotic
Independent factors are abiotic
400
What is Carbon Dioxide
Needed for photosynthesis and temperature regulation
400
Name 2 greenhouse gases
methane and CO2
400
Which atmospheric level is the hottest and why?
Thermosphere because it absorbs direct sunlight
400
What is runoff
water flows over land
400
Why is biodiversity higher when rivers flatter out and slow?
It creates a variety of habitats and food sources
400
What is commensalism?
one benefits, other unaffected.
bird making a nest in tree
400
Give 3 examples of density-independent limiting factors?
Natural disasters, weather, pollution
500
What is ozone
absorbs harmful UV radiation in the stratosphere
500
Name the layers of the Earth's atmosphere from lowest to highest
troposphere
stratosphere
mesosphere
thermosphere
exosphere
500
Name 2 examples of Human Impact and 2 examples of natural causes of ozone depletion.
Human: CFC's and gas from farm animals
Natural: volcanos and solar activity
500
What is transpiration?
plants release water vapor
500
1- spring
2-winter
3-fall
4-summer
500
What is parasitism?
One benefits, one harmed
A tick on a human
500
Give 3 examples of density-dependent limiting factors?
disease, predators, competition
600
What does a weather watch mean?
Conditions are favorable
600
Which weather alert means dangerous weather is currently happening?
Warning
600
What is surface tension and how does it help insects walk on water?
Creates "skin" on water that allows insects to walk across it without falling in
600
What are the two types of weathering?
Physical and Chemical
600
What layer of soil is contains the most organic matter
the litter layer
600
What is amensalism?
One harmed, other unaffected
Cattling trampling on grass
600
What is primary succession?
no soil
700
What does weather warning mean?
Dangerous event happening now
700
Why are weather alerts important
To keep people safe
700
Which side of a water molecule has a slight negative charge?
Hydrogen
700
Name the layers of soil from bottom up and describe each one
Bedrock: Solid parent material
Parent Rock: slightly weathered bedrock
Subsoil: higher level sof minerals and nutrients
Eluviation layer: dry, barren layer
Topsoil: organic matter mixed with minerals
Organic Matter: litter layer (decaying material)
700
What is the purpose of crop rotation?
improve soil health, help with pests and disease
700
What is coevolution?
Species evolve together
Hummingbirds and flowers
700
What is secondary succession?
Soil is already present
800
What does weather advisory mean?
Minor event: Use caution
800
Is a water molecule polar? Explain why or why not
Yes, it is polar because the Oxygen side is slightly negative and the hydrogen side is slightly positive
800
What is the chemical equation for water?
H2O
800
Name the 3 soil types from largest to smallest
Largest: Sand
Medium: Silt
Smallest: Clay
The largest falls to the bottom, the medium in the middle and the smallest at the top
800
How do windbreaks reduce erosion?
decrease winds ability to move topsoil
800
How is parasitism different from commensalism?
Parasitism benefits one and one is harmed, commensalism benefits one and one not affected
800
What is primary species?
first species
900
What's the difference between a weather watch and a warning?
Watch means it could happen and warning means it is happening
900
What is cohesion
Water attracted to water
900
What percent of the Earth's surface is freshwater?
2.5%-3%
900
What is Loamy Soil?
It is the best type of soil for plants because it balances drainage, water retention, and nutrients
900
Why are terraces used on hillsides?
Stops erosion and makes the hill tillable and able to plant crops
900
In what relationship do both organisms benefit?
Mutalism
900
What is climax community?
stable final community
1000
What is the purpose of a weather advisory?
Tell people to use caution
1000
What is adhesion?
Water attracted to other substances
1000
Why does condensation happen higher in the atmosphere?
Temperatures drop the higher up you go and the water droplets get heavy and drop
1000
What is the difference between physical and chemical weathering?
Physical breaks rocks down and chemical changes the the rocks
1000
What is conservation tillage?
farming practice that reduces soil distribution
1000
What is the difference between parasite and predator?
There can be multiple parasites on one host, the predator kills it's prey. A predator is bigger than a parasite
1000
Why does secondary succession happen faster than primary succession?
Because it starts with soil
1100
How do wetlands improve ecosystems?
They reduce erosion and help purify water
1100
What are photoautotroph's
uses light to make energy
1100
What are decomposer's?
breaks down organic material
1100
What are ominovores?
Eats both plant and animal material
1100
Give an example of an Biotic factor and Abiotic factor
Biotic- dogs, plants, anything living
Abiotic: Sunlight, weather
1100
What is population density?
Why is population dispersion?
Density is number in an area
Dispersion is arrangement within that area
1100
What is immigration?
Moving into an area
1200
What are biotic factors?
What are abiotic factors?
Biotic: living
Abiotic: nonliving
1200
what are chemoautotroph's?
uses chemicals to make energy
1200
What are detritivore's?
eats dead, decaying material
1200
What are carnivores?
Eats only animals
1200
Write the equation for photosynthesis and where does it occur
6CO2+6H20+Light yields C6H12O6 + 6O2
It occurs in the chloroplasts
1200
What is uniform dispersion?
Individuals are spaced evenly
1200
What is emigration
moving out
1300
List the 6 levels of organization from smallest to largest and what each one means
Individual- one organism
Population- same species
Community- multiple species
Ecosystem- living and nonliving
Biome- Large climate region
Biosphere- all life on earth
1300
What are heterotroph's?
makes energy from eating other organisms
1300
What are herbivores?
Eats only plant material
1300
What is a habitat?
Why is a niche?
What is difference?
Habitat- where organisms live
Niche- organism's role
The difference is a habitat is where they live and a niche is what is their role within that habitat
1300
What is the equation for Cellular Respiration Equation and where does it occur?
C6H12O6 yields 6CO2+6H2O +ATP
It occurs in the Mitochondria
1300
What is clumped dispersion?
Individuals found in patches/groups
1300
How can immigration affect population size?
Add new residents, make population go up
1400
What organelle carries out photosynthesis
Chloroplasts
1400
Where does glycolysis occur?
In the mitochondria?
1400
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?
They exchange energy and have opposite reactions
1400
What part of photosynthesis where water molecules are split?
photolysis
1400
What process is used by plants and algae?
photosynthesis
1400
What is random dispersion?
Individuals are spaced in an unpredictable or no pattern
1400
How can emigration affect resources in an ecosystem?
reduces competition for food
1500
Which process is used by all living organisms?
Cellular respiration
1500
What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?
A food chain has one pathway and a food web has multiple pathways
1500
What is Observation:
Experiment?
Modeling?
Observation- watching and recording
Experiment- Controleld testing
Modeling- predicting outcomes
1500
What is the 10% rule?
Only about 10% of energy transfers up
1500
What are three types of ecological pyramids and what do they each show?
Energy- shows energy available
biomass- shows living tissue
numbers-shows number of organisms
1500
What shape is a logistic growth curve?
S shaped curve with carrying capacity.
1500
Give one real-world example of population movement
Birds flying south during the winter