Genetics
What is the study of how genes interact with one another and heredity called?
genetics
What does DNA stand for
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy: the study of the structure of the body and their relationship to one another
Physiology: the study of the function of the body
the anatomy of the nervous System consists of..
the brain, spinal cord, and network of nerves
what is the purpose of the digestive system?
To break down food to our bodies can use the nutrients
Genes come in pairs called...
alleles
What are chromosomes?
tightly coiled strands of DNA that are wrapped around proteins that resembles a double helix
what does the anatomical position look like?
body upright, arms out, palms facing forward, thumbs pointed away from body, and feet slightly apart
what is stimuli and what are the 2 type of it
Stimuli: any internal or external change affecting the body
the two types are internal stimuli Ex) digestion hormones and External Stimuli Ex) feeling a tap on your shoulder
what is the digestive tract organ and what is the accessory organs?
The digestive track organ is an organ in which food actually goes through and the accessory organs or organs that is part of the digestive system but food does not go through it however it still helps with the digestion
What are Genotypes and Phenotypes?
Genotypes:unobservable underlying genetic makeup of an organism Ex) RR, rr, Rr
Phenotype: the observable genetic trait or expresses the gene Ex) round peas
what are the nitrogenous bases of DNA and who they pair with?
Adenine with Thymine
Cytosine with Guanine
Why is the anatomical position important
it allows people to communicate information about the body correctly
What are hormones?
chemicals secreted by organs that carry messages to cells
what does the stomach do?
It rips food apart mechanically using teeth and begins chemical digestion using saliva containing the enzyme amylase
what are the 2 types of alleles and explain what they are
Dominant: stronger variation of a gene when present this allele is always expressed
Recessive: the weaker variation of this gene this gets masked but a dominant allele and only expressed when there are 2 recessive alleles present.
In eukaryotic cells, where does replication take place and during what stage does it take place?
in the Nucleus during Synthesis
what are the 3 different types of anatomy?
Gross Anatomy: study body parts on a larger scale Ex) the organs of the digestive system
Microscopic Anatomy: studying body parts on a microscopic scale Ex) cytology
Developmental Anatomy: studying body parts as its developing Ex) studying the development of a fetus before birth
What is the dendrite?
receives messages from other neurons and sends them to the cell body
what does the esophagus do?
It is a food tube that moose food down the stomach with a wave like muscle contraction called peristalsis
Do the Punnent square:
What is the expected Phenotypic ratio of offspring from a cross between 2 heterozygous parents?
Homozygous Dominant: 25%
Homozygous Recessive: 25%
Heterozygous: 50%
Fill in the blank
When DNA replication occurs, ___ replicate the double helix, and new strands are built matching the template. Each new double helix contains one ___ strand and one ___ strand
Enzyme, old, new
Use the word Proximal in a sentence using the terms frontal and brachial
The frontal is proximal to the brachial.
what are the types of neurons?
sensory neuron: receive information from a stimuli and send a message to the brain
Interneuron: once the brain receives the message, it sends a response to the motor neuron
Motor neuron: once the motor neurons receive the response message it causes the muscle to react to the initial stimuli
what does the liver gallbladder and pancreas do?
Liver produces bile to help dissolve in digest fats
The gallbladder stored bile between meals and secretes into the small intestine
The pancreas sits behind the stomach and produces a juice containing powerful enzymes to breakdown carbs fats and proteins