Variables/Sample
Do exams increase stress levels?
Identify the DV:
True or false = the median and mean are the same for this data set
5, 8, 11, 7, 4
True = 7
Name 2 biological factors that can affect a person's wellbeing
diet, sleep, exercise, medications, hormones, alcohol/drug use, illness, injury
Any of
Voluntary Participation
Informed Consent
Confidentiality
No harm
Experimenter Responsibilities
Right to Withdraw
Debriefing/Deception
Researcher randomly allocates students to either sit in a 20 degree or 30 degree temperature room, then gives them a mood questionnaire.
Which design is being used?
Experimental Design
Sleep is known to affect performance on tasks.
List one extraneous variable regarding the DV.
Anything that affects performance on task (DV)
e.g., studying, memory, natural abilities, confidence, stress levels
Which piece of data would you rather use when outliers are present?
Median
Not Mean - as impacted by outliers
Name 2 psychological factors that could influence wellbeing
inner thoughts, feelings, thinking processes (memory), opinions, coping strategies, self-esteem, personality traits
Describe what is meant by the right to withdraw
Participants are allowed to leave the study at any point in time, even after the study has begun. They must not face any consequences for leaving.
Students were asked to circle their age and gender, and then were given a mood questionnaire.
Which design type is most appropriate?
Observational Design - pre-existing groups exist.
Barbara wants to examine whether the amount of prejudice in the community is impacted by social media usage.
Identify the IV:
Social media usage
State a piece of objective data you may find at a crime scene
Anything verifiable; blood, DNA, physical evidence that can be measured
A new piece of research has found that using new MRI Technology allows for better brain scanning of patients, affecting how doctors can perform accurate scans.
Which SHE Concept is being shown:
Development and Application
A study wishes to know whether people in car crashes have more mood swings than others.
Describe an ethical concept that would apply to this study:
Any of VICNERD applied appropriately.
- Describe the concept then
- Apply to the study - e.g., No Harm (physical or mental) from being part of the study, Informed Consent, Right to Withdraw
Barry decides to email experts on wellbeing and collects a variety of written information from them over the course of the year.
Which design type is being utilised? and the subtype
Qualitative design - subtype = Delphi Technique
A researcher is examining the effect of caffeine on typing ability (words per minute typed).
What are 2 things that they should control to collect accurate data?
- Anything that could affect typing speed
- Type of computer and keyboard used
- Timing/timer
- Program to measure typing ability
- The words requiring to be typed
- Source of caffeine
- Amount of caffeine within experimental group
Describe a subjective quantitative measure
Anything quantifiable that is opinionated e.g., Likert Scale 1-7 rating system
The global, national and local levels of the covid 19 pandemic led to more people engaging in jogging and run-clubs. This is impacting people's wellbeing for the better.
Which SHE Concept is being shown?
A researcher gives 48 students an anxiety test that separates them into either a high or low anxiety group. They are then all given the same memory test.
Which research design would be used?
Observational design as anxiety is pre-existing variable in the population being studied (either high or low anxiety).
Sacred Heart uses 48 Year 11 students in their memory study on lyric format.
Evaluate 2 issues within this sample.
- Size of sample not reflecting wider Y11 cohort or community
- Diversity of sample not reflecting wider Y11 cohort or community (race, background, gender balance)
- Psychology student population may be different to all Y11 students
An eyewitness recounts their memory for a crime at a shopping centre.
Describe what kind of data types might be collected from them
Qualitative data: verbal or written data about the event, recorded via a video, recorded down by officer.
Subjective data: opinion-based and subject to bias of the person.
Examine someone's eyewitness testimony from a BPS lens
Biological factors - eyesight, injury/illness, stress hormone levels
Psychological factors - memory accuracy, anxiety, concentration, schemas, expectations of crime/criminals
Social factors - co-witnesses, education level, suspect lineups
What are the key features and advantages of using experimental design?
Key features:
- Random allocation to groups
- IV manipulated
- Control group may or may not be present
Advantages:
- High internal validity (cause and effect) / More control over extraneous variables
- Ability to make clearer conclusions from data