Layers of the Earth
The outermost layer of the earth
crust
The release of energy when tectonic plates or a fault shift
earthquake
a huge wave caused by an undersea earthquake
A scientist who studies movements of the earth
Seismologist
Melted rock beneath the surface of the earth
Magma
The innermost layer of the earth
inner core
The scale used to measure the amount of damage an earthquake does
Mercali scale
The word for any wave produced by an earthquake
seismic wave
focus
A gentle volcanic eruption that produces a river of lava
the layer of the earth just beneath the crust
mantle
The word used to describe the strength of an earthquake's seismic waves
magnitude
A wave from an earthquake that does not reach the surface of the earth
body wave
The point on the surface of the earth directly above the focus
epicenter
A pocket of magma beneath a volcano
magma chamber
The layer of the earth between the mantle and the inner core
outer core
The type of fault that allows each side to move away from each other.
normal fault
A surface wave that moves in a rolling motion like an ocean wave
Rayleigh wave
A body wave that moves in a push and pull motion
P wave
The strongest type of eruption
Plinian eruption
The area that is the crust and the upper part of the mantle
lithosphere
Thrust or Reverse
A wave from an earthquake that does reach the surface of the earth
surface wave
Love wave
An avalanche of red-hot gas and ash that flows down the side of a volcano during a Pelean eruption
pyroclastic flow