Basic Needs of Living Things
What is a heterotroph?
A heterotroph eats other organisms for energy.
What is a virus?
A small non-living particle that enters and then reproduces inside a living cell.
What is a cell wall?
A rigid supporting layer surrounding the cells of plants and other organisms.
Single-celled organisms reproduce by....?
Cell division.
What makes energy for plant cells?
Chloroplasts.
What is an autotroph?
An autotroph uses the sun's energy to convert water and gas into food.
What is the purpose of a vaccine?
It helps cells and the body prepare defenses against a virus.
What is an organelle?
A small structure that carries out a specific function within the cell.
Why is cell division necessary?
Cell division repairs damages cells and makes the cell grow.
What moves food and waste into leaves?
Stomata.
What is homeostasis in cells?
The maintenance of stable internal conditions.
What does a red blood cell do?
Delivers oxygen.
What are cell walls (in plants) mostly made of?
Cellulose.
What are the three stages of cell division?
Interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis.
What species of animal doesn't lay eggs?
Mammals.
Give an example of homeostasis.
(ex: polar bears have fur so they don't freeze)
What is it called when a bacteria reproduces asexually?
Binary-fission.
What does a Golgi Apparatus do?
Packages proteins and other materials and distributes them around the cell or outside of the cell.
What are the four main phases of mitosis?
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.
What organelle is a protective layer in plant cells?
Cell wall.
What is a stimulus?
Any change in signal in the env. that can make an organism react.
Explain conjugation.
2 bacteria cells come together and exchange genetic material.
What are the cell walls of fungi mostly made out of? Give an example.
Chitin is the same material used for the hard outer skeleton of insects.
Define cytokinesis.
Division of the cytoplasm.
What type of mammal lays eggs?
Monotremes.