2: The Nature of Matter
The basic particles of all the chemical elements.
Atoms
Those electrons that have the highest energy level and are held most loosely.
Valence Electrons
When an object's distance from another object is changing.
Motion
A device that expels gas in one direction to move in the opposite direction.
Rocket
This is the equation of Density
density = mass/Volume
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Matter
Includes the symbol for the element surrounded by dots. Each dot stands for one valence electron.
Electron Dot Diagram
a place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion.
Reference Point
The reaction force that propels a rocket forward
Thrust
This is the equation of Force
Force = mass x acceleration
Any change that only changes the appearance of matter but does not change any substance in the matter into another substance, nor creates a new one.
Physical Change
The force of attraction that holds two atoms together as a result of the rearrangement of electrons between them.
Chemical Bond
the length of a path between two points.
Distance
Speed in a given direction
Velocity
A graph that is shaped like a pizza
Pie Graph
A change in matter that produces one or more new substances.
Chemical Change
an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge.
Ion
the length and direction that an object has moved from its starting point.
Displacement
The velocity a rocket must achieve to establish an orbit around Earth.
Orbital Velocity
This provides a place where long-term observations and experiments can be carried out in space.
Space Station
The ability to do work or cause a change
Energy
a group of atoms that reacts as a unit. Like other ions, polyatomic ions have an overall positive or negative charge.
Polyatomic Ions
A quantity that consists of both a magnitude and a direction
Vector
An object that revolves around another object in space.
Satellite
Einstein's most famous equation
Energy = mass x speed of light squared (E=mc^2)