Cells
What structure controls what enters and leaves the cell?
Cell membrane
Which body system brings oxygen into the body?
Respiratory system
What detects changes in the environment?
Sensory receptors
Which structure is ONLY found in plant cells?
Cell wall or Chloroplast
What is a trait?
A characteristic
What is an adaptation?
A trait that helps survival
What letter is usually used for a dominant trait?
Capital letter
What organelle is known as the “brain” of the cell?
Nucleus
Which body system moves blood through the body?
Circulatory system
After a stimulus is detected, where does the signal go?
The brain
Which organelle helps plants make food?
Chloroplast
What is a gene?
A section of DNA
What is a mutation?
A change in DNA
What percent of offspring are recessive in Bb × Bb?
25%
Which organelle provides energy for the cell?
Mitochondria
Which body system controls thoughts and reactions?
Nervous system
Put these in order: stimulus, response, receptor, brain
Stimulus → receptor → brain → response
Name ONE structure found in both plant and animal cells.
Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria, etc.
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
Genotype is genetic makeup, phenotype is physical appearance/visible traits.
Which is a behavioral adaptation: thick fur or migration?
Migration
If one parent is TT and the other is tt, what will all offspring be?
Tt
What is the function of the vacuole?
Stores water, food, and waste
When running, which THREE body systems work together the most?
Muscular, respiratory, and circulatory systems
Which body system is responsible for immediate reactions?
Nervous system
Why do plant cells have chloroplasts but animal cells do not?
Plants make their own food through photosynthesis.
What is an allele?
A version of a gene
A black jaguar blending into the forest is an example of what type of mutation?
Helpful mutation
What is a carrier?
Has a recessive trait but does not show it
Explain why mitochondria are important for active cells like muscle cells.
Muscle cells need lots of energy, and mitochondria produce that energy.
Why is it important that body systems work together?
They work together to keep the body functioning properly and alive.
A student touches a hot stove and quickly pulls their hand away. Explain the process using stimulus, receptor, brain, and response.
The hot stove is the stimulus, receptors detect the heat, the brain processes the signal, and the response is pulling the hand away.
Compare plant and animal cells by naming one similarity and one difference.
Similarity: both have a nucleus. Difference: plant cells have chloroplasts/cell wall while animal cells do not.
Explain the difference between dominant and recessive traits.
Dominant traits show when present, recessive traits only show if no dominant allele is present.
Explain why helpful adaptations become more common over time.
Organisms with helpful adaptations survive and reproduce more often.
A tall plant (Tt) is crossed with a short plant (tt). What percent of offspring will be short?
50%