Basic Alchemy
Development of Alchemy
Contributions of Alchemists to Modern Science
Development of Alchemy #2
Major Problems with the work of Alchemists
100
What is Alchemy?
Alchemy is a science that was used in the middle ages with the goal of changing ordinary metals into gold.
100
The elemental system used in medieval alchemy was developed primarily by the Persian alchemist __________________.
Jabir ibn Hayyan
100
Alchemists invented many of the ________ used for chemistry
Instruments
100
What described the valatility, the heat-giving flames described flammability (sulfur), and the remnant ash described solidity (salt)?
Smoke
100
What was passed in England in 1403 which made them "multiplication of metals" punishable by death.
A law
200
_________ and Chemistry were thought to be the same thing before the ____________ century.
Alchemy;eighteenth
200
His system consisted of the four Aristotelian elements of ____________________.
air, earth, fire, and water
200
Discovered _________ (Mercuric sulfide) for medicinal purposes.
Cinnabar.
200
Mercury included the _________, so that when it left smoke the wood fell apart.
Cohesive principle.
200
In 1317 Pope__________ ordered all alchemists to leave France for making counterfeit money.
Pope John XXII
300
The word ___________ was used to describe the mixture of alchemy and chemistry.
chymistry
300
Name the two philosophical elements and what do the characterize.
Sulfur: characterizes the principle of combustibility; "the stone which burns" Mercury: characterizes the principle of metallic properties
300
Alchemist developed chemical process of distillation,_______, and crystallization.
Filteration.
300
Paracelsus saw his principles as fundamental and justified them through description of __________
How wood burns in fire.
300
There was no ________naming system for new compounds.
Systematic
400
It was concerned particularly with attempts to change metals into gold or to find a(n)____________________.
universal elixir
400
Jabir ibn Hayyan created the________ used for _________
alembic;used for distillation
400
What did alchemists discover to make gun powder?
Potassium Nitrate
400
Paracelsus had three primary principles. What were they?
Sulfur, Mercury, and Salt.
400
Many alchemists included in their methods irrelevant information such as the _______ of the tides and the _____ of the moon.
Timing; Phases
500
The word alchemy comes from the Arabic word "__________" meaning "the art of transformation."
"al-kimia"
500
Jabir ibn Hayyan established a __________ and ___________ approach to scientific research based in the laboratory.
systematic, experimental
500
Alchemists discovered ________, _______acid, ________acid, and ______acid
Alcohol, Sulfuric, Hydrochloric, Nitric
500
Paracelsus formed a mixture of alchemy and science in what was to be called _______ Hint: (Study of medicine and physiology in terms of chemistry)
iatrochemistry
500
The ________ of the vocabulary of _________ appeared to be more useful in concealing the fact that they could not be sure of very much at all.
nature, alchemy
M
e
n
u