Vocabulary
Rocks and Mineral
Igneous Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
100
What does the word dissolving mean?
to melt or make into a liquid
100
What is the difference between rocks and minerals?
Rocks are made up of many ingredients. Minerals are made up of only one ingredient.
100
Name the most common type of igneous rock? Hint: Many people have countertops made of "this" in their homes.
Granite
100
Sedimentary rocks are formed from small pieces of other rocks called ____________.
Sediments
100
Metamorphic rocks are formed by the process of _________ and ____________.
heat, pressure
200
What is chemical weathering?
A chemical dissolving of mineral in a rock
200
How do you know when a rock contains Calcite?
A rock that contains Calcite will bubble and fizz when it is placed inside of vinegar.
200
Name one property of an intrusive igneous rock. Name one property of an extrusive igneous rock.
Intrusive: visible crystals, looks like salt and pepper, rough texture. Extrusive: microscopic crystals (can't see with naked eye), fine texture, may have small bubbles in it
200
Sedimentary rocks are formed when sediments are pressed together into __________ over hundreds and thousands of years.
Layers
200
Name one example of a metamorphic rock.
Gneiss Marble Schist Slate
300
What is acid?
A sour material that can dissolve minerals
300
How can you test the hardness of a mineral? Name a material you can use to test the hardness of a mineral.
Scratch Test paperclip, penny, fingernail
300
The two types of igneous rocks are ____________ , which are formed above ground and __________, which are formed underground.
Extrusive, Intrusive
300
Some layers of sedimentary rocks can contain __________, which are the remains or impressions of animals or plants.
fossils
300
Where are metamorphic rocks formed?
Deep within the earth
400
What are sediments?
tiny pieces of other rocks
400
What is vinegar?
An sour acid that is not very strong
400
Where are most igneous rocks formed?
Inside or near volcanoes
400
What kinds of weathering and erosion can cause rocks to break into sediments?
wind water chemicals
400
Name two properties of metamorphic rocks.
hard visible crystals stretched minerals clumps of minerals
500
We can find the mineral ________________ in calcium, which is in our bones, dairy products, and teeth.
Calcite
500
Name the hardest mineral and the softest mineral we tested.
Quartz was the hardest. Gypsum was the softest.
500
How can an igneous rock become a sedimentary rock?
Weathering and erosion breaks down the igneous rock into small pieces of rock called sediments to form sedimentary rocks.
500
Describe the process of how sedimentary rock is formed.
1. Rocks are exposed to weathering and sediments are made. 2. Sediments are pressed together into layers over time. 3. Sedimentary rocks are formed.
500
How can igneous rocks and sedimentary rocks be transformed into metamorphic rocks?
heat and pressure
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