Volcano 1
What is magma?
Molten rock.
What is volcanology?
The study of volcanoes and volcano related phenomena.
What is the major strike- slip fault in California?
The San Andreas Fault.
How does a base- isolated system work?
The building rests on isolators that absorb the seismic energy.
What are energy- dissipating devices?
These are added to structures to absorb some of the seismic energy.
An inactive volcano that could erupt again is called a _________.
Dormant volcano
A volcano that will probably not erupt again is called an _____________.
Extinct volcano
What is the most active zone for earthquakes?
The circum- Pacific belt or the Ring of Fire.
What is the point in which an earthquake begins?
The hypocenter.
What is the modified Mercalli scale?
A system for describing and evaluating the effect of an earthquake on man, man's structures, and the earth's surface.
Cinder- cone volcanoes
Consist primarily of erupted volcanic ash and rock fragments.
The _____________ has more than half the world's active volcanoes in it.
Ring of Fire
What are P waves?
Also known as Primary waves, P waves consist of rhythmic push- pull motion in the direction of wave travel.
What is the slowest type of earthquake wave?
Surface waves.
What is the East African Rift Zone?
An active continental Rift Zone in Africa.
Composite volcanoes
Produce both cinders and lava. Symmetrical, wide- based mountains that consist of alternating layers of lava and cinders.
Shield volcanoes
Pours out large quantities of highly fluid lava in rather mild eruptions, which creates broad, gently sloping sides.
What is faulting?
Sudden movement of rock masses along a fault.
15% of all earthquakes occur in a zone that stretches from southern Europe to Asia, and all the way to Indonesia. What is it called?
The Alpide Belt.
Approximately how many active volcanoes are there on earth?
1,500
Where is the tallest volcano in our solar system?
Mars
What mineral does magma contain that makes soil nutritious?
Iron
Magnesium
Calcium
All of the above
None of the above
All of the above
What is the Ritcher magnitude scale?
A scale that mathematically rates earthquakes by analyzing certain characters of their patterns on a specific seismograph.
What do the different lines on the seismogram represent?
The P waves show up as a narrow band of tight zigzags. The S waves show up as larger wavy lines. The surface waves create up and down lines.
What type of energy does a volcano produce?
Wind energy
Geothermal energy
Light Energy
Geothermal energy