Earth's Features
Which rock layer is the oldest?
Bottom layer
What kind of energy comes from the Sun?
Solar
Which sense helps us detect sound?
Sound
What is the natural source of light during the day?
Sun
What energy source helps plants grow and gives us light?
Sun
The fossils in the rock layers
How does energy transform in a windmill?
Wind - Motion (kinetic) - Mechanical - Electrical
What part of the body helps detect light?
Light
What happens when light hits a mirror?
Reflection
Describe how the senses, energy, and light all help a person catch a ball.
The eyes use light to see the ball, the brain senses it and decides what to do, and energy from muscles moves the body to catch it.
What is weathering?
Breaking rocks into smaller pieces
What type of energy is stored in food?
Chemical
What system in the body controls responses?
Nervous system
What do we call the bending of light?
Why is it harder to see things underwater than on land?
Light bends (refracts) differently in water, and water can absorb or scatter light, making vision less clear.
What is erosion and what causes it?
Wearing away of rock by water, wind, ice, or plants
What energy transformation happens when you turn on a lamp?
Electrical to light
How do animals respond to seasonal changes?
Hibernation, Migration, or behavior changes
Why can’t we see objects in complete darkness?
Because there is no light to reflect off the objects.
What is the difference between sensory structures and sensory receptors?
Sensory receptors are inside the sensory structures to take in information. For example, the nose is a sensory structure and it has millions of sensory receptors that take information about smell to the brain.
How can volcanoes change the shape of the land?
Lava can build up new landforms like mountains or islands.
Give an example of potential energy.
a stretched rubber band or a ball at the top of a hill
a roller coaster before it takes off
What is the main function of the brain in sensing and responding?
It processes information from senses and controls the body's response.
Why does a pencil look bent in a cup of water?
Because of refraction—light bends as it passes from air to water.
How can earthquakes change the Earth's surface quickly?
Earthquakes can crack the ground, shift land, and cause landslides or tsunamis that rapidly reshape the land.