Earth Science
When two plates move apart from each other, it is known as this type of boundary.
A divergent boundary
This is the primary force that keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun and the Moon in orbit around Earth.
Gravity
What are the three common states of matter found on Earth.
Solid, Liquid, Gas
This organelle acts as the "brain" or control center of the cell, containing the genetic material.
Nucleus
This term describes an animal that eats both plants and meat.
Omnivore
These are the three main types of rocks found in the rock cycle.
What are sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous?
What occurs during one cycle of the Moon’s phases?
The Moon completes one orbit around Earth.
What is a substance made of two or more different elements that are chemically combined, such as H2O
A Compound
List 2 or the 3 structures found in plant cells, but not animal cells.
A cell wall, chloroplasts, and a central vacuole
What is the name of the diagram that shows the many overlapping food chains in an entire ecosystem.
A food web
What causes the tectonic plates of the Earth to move?
Heat from the earths core causes convection currents in the mantle.
When the Moon appears dark because the Earth blocks the Sun's light from reaching the Moon
Lunar Eclipse
Give an example of a physical change and a chemical change
Physical Change - Melting Ice (usually reversible)
Chemical Change - Burning wood (not reversible)
In the process of photosynthesis, what are the "reactants" (inputs) and what are the "products" (outputs)?
Reactants- Sunlight and CO2
Products- Glucose and Oxygen
These organisms, such as fungi and bacteria, break down dead organic matter and return nutrients to the soil.
Decomposers
Deep-ocean trenches and volcanic mountains are often formed at this type of boundary, where one plate sinks beneath another.
convergent boundary (Subduction)
During a Solar Eclipse, what is the specific order of the Sun, Earth, and Moon?
Sun → Moon → Earth.
You take sugar and pour it into a glass of water to create a sugar-water mixture.
Identify the solution, the solvent, and the solute.
Solution (homogenous mixture) - sugar-water
Solvent (what's doing the dissolving) - water
Solute (what's being dissolved) - sugar
Describe the primary difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells regarding their genetic material.
Eukaryotes store DNA in a membrane-bound nucleus
Prokaryotes have free-floating DNA in the cytoplasm.
What is the difference between abiotic and biotic. Provide one example of each.
Biotic factors - living component of an ecosystem. Ex. Animals and plants
Abiotic factors - nonliving physical and chemical components. Ex. Sunlight, soil, rocks, water, air
What is the difference between weathering and erosion.
Weathering is the breaking down of rock into smaller pieces (sediment)
Erosion is the movement or transport of that sediment by wind, water, or ice.
These are the two main reasons Earth has seasons.
Earth's tilt and its revolution around the Sun
If a 50g rock has a volume of 10mL, what is its density, and will it sink or float in water?
Hint - The density of water is 1g/mL
5g/mL. It will sink
Explain how the Circulatory and Respiratory systems work together to maintain homeostasis during exercise.
The respiratory system takes in more O2 and removes CO2, while the circulatory system pumps the oxygenated blood faster to the muscles.
In a food web, if a primary consumer (like a rabbit) is removed, describe one "top-down" effect and one "bottom-up" effect that might occur.
Top-down: Predators of the rabbit may starve or decrease.
Bottom-up: The plants the rabbit ate may overgrow and crowd out other plant species.