The science that explains the atmosphere including weather and climate.
What is meteorology?
100
This crust is typically thicker.
This crust is denser.
Thicker: What is mountain crust?
Denser: What is ocean crust?
100
Built from particles and blobs of congealed lava ejected from a single vent and have steep sides due to viscous magma.
Steep-sided, symmetrical cones of large alternating layers of lava flows, volcanic ash, cinder blocks, and bombs.
What are cinder cones and composite volcanoes? In other words, what are two types of volcanoes/eruptions?
100
The name of the volcano associated with Pompeii.
What is Mount Vesuvius?
100
They begin with T, S, M, T, I, and E and are the layers of the atmosphere.
What are the layers of the atmosphere? Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionoshpere, exosphere.
200
Pangea was the only time when the continents were one. Each continent fits together with another continent “like a jigsaw-puzzle” proving that Pangea did exist. The continents have not been together like Pangea since Pangea separated, therefore, Pangea was the only time when all continents were one.
Was Pangea the only time the continents were one land mass?
200
This is made out of a mixture of iron and nickel. This is also made of molten lava. We know this because of seismic activity and waves. We send out waves into the Earth and this tells us what is inside.
What is the core (inner and outer core)?
How do we know this?
200
Built entirely of fluid lava flows which pour out from the central summit vent(s).
Built by small masses of lava piling over and around the vent.
What are shield volcanoes and lava domes? In other words, what are two types of volcanoes/eruptions?
200
Located near the Italian region of Campania near modern day Naples.
What is the location of Pompeii?
200
Low pressure=usually a storm.
Why does low pressure in the atmosphere create a storm?
300
Wegener used fossils, landforms, and climate as evidence for Continental Drift. Some of the same fossils were found in various continents. Some mountains matched up in one continent with another continent, and there was evidence such as fossils, etc. to show that one continent was once a certain climate, but is now a different climate. If you do not know who Wegener is, guess how he might explain the proof of Pangea.
What evidence did Wegener use to support Continental Drift?
300
The intense heat in the Earth's core that causes molten rock to move in the mantle
How do plates move?
300
Hot magma under the water heating it up, releasing smoke creating a hydrothermal activity.
Volcanoes like this one have high eruptive forces and are made of silica and gas, resulting in an eruption of gas and ash.
What is the Midway Geyser Basin?
What is Mount St. Helens?
300
Pompeii was near a volcano that erupted and covered it in ash and lava, killing the people, destroying buildings, and preserving it in its condition to be forgotten about.
How was Pompeii destroyed?
What caused Pompeii's destruction?
300
When warm air rises and cold air sinks...
What do convection currents occur?
400
When plates or ridges in the sea floor spread apart, molten material from the mantle comes up between the gap and creates another layer on top of the spreading plates or ridges.
How does the sea floor spreading occur?
400
Continents moving, fossils that don't belong in the environment (fish in a desert), volcanic activity, mountains, geothermal activity, and seismic activity
What evidence supports plate movement?
400
An earthquake in Yellowstone National Park several years ago caused several geysers to become extinct and several new ones to form. It also changed the timing of a famous geyser which no longer erupts as often (though still consistent).
This type of explosive magma erupts due to contained, pressurized gases and high viscosity.
What is Old Faithful?
What is silica-rich magma?
400
This person wrote about the eruption near Pompeii.
Who was Pliny the Elder?
400
Convection currents create these
What are hurricanes and tornadoes?
500
They found that the sea floor was not as flat as they had once thought it was. Also, they found that there were underwater mountains that were bigger than any mountains on land except for Mount McKinley in Alaska. Finally, they thought that the sediment layer was much thinner than they had thought and that there was a mid-ocean ridge that was between continents.
When the US mapped the floor of the ocean what did they find?
500
Affects global climate, landslides, lahars, volcanic gases, acid rain, and pyroclastic flows are hazards
What are six hazards to volcanoes?
500
Beneath Yellowstone may have temperatures higher than 1,475°F (800°C), and the surrounding rocks are heated by it. Because of this, the average heat flow from the Earth’s interior at Yellowstone is about 30 times greater than that typical for areas elsewhere in the northern Rocky Mountains.
What is the large magma reservoir?
500
This was the other town that was affected besides Pompeii.
What was Herculaneum?
500
This is layer in which weather occurs and we live.
This is the layer that contains the ozone layer.
This is the layer in which meteors burn up and lightning called sprites and elves form.
This is the layer in which the Aurora or Southern and Northern lights occur and the space shuttle and ISS orbit. This is the layer in which radio communication is possible by reflection of waves back to Earth and auroras and ionization occur.
This is the outermost layer of the Earth's atmosphere that turns into space.
What is the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, and exosphere?