DNA
What does DNA stand for
deoxyribonucleic acid
How small are bacteria?
Up to 24-700 nanometers nad are smaller than bacteria.
What is prophase?
When the chromosomes coil, centrioles appear, spindle fibers line up on the centrioles, and the nuclear membrane disappears.
What is a haploid cell?
1 strand of DNA.
what does D.K.P.C.O.F.G.S stand for?
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.
What are the pyrimidines? How many rings do they have?
thymine and cytosine. They have 1 ring.
What is the specificity of viruses?
Some attack humans, some attack plants, and some attack animals.
What is metaphase?
When the sister chromatids line up in the middle of the cell on the spindle fibers, which are connected to the centrioles.
What is a diploid cell?
2 strands of DNA.
What are the 3 domains?
archaea, bacteria, and eukarya.
What are the purines? How many rings do they have?
Adenine and Guanine. 2 rings.
How do viruses live and hurt humans?
They live and hurt humans by infecting the cells and taking up all the nutrients in the human body until the cells die out and without the cells getting the nutrients and dying out, the host will eventually end up dead.
What is anaphase?
When the chromatids start to divide and the sister chromatids move the opposite parts of the cell.
What is a zygot?
A fertilized ovum.
what are the 7 kingdoms?
animals, plants, protists, fungi, archaebacteria, cyanobacteria, and eubacteria.
What are the 3 parts of DNA?
nitrogen base, a 5-carbon sugar, and phosphate.
How do viruses reproduce? What does it do?
Binary fusion, splits the cell in half, making exact copies of each other.
what is telophase?
When the two new nuclei are formed.
What is a gamete?
an organism's reproductive cells.
arthropod, moss, algae, chytrids, firmicutes.
What is the backbone of DNA?
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate.
What is the difference between asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction?
A-sexual splits the cell in half, making exact copies with no new cells created. Sexual reproduction creates new cells.
What is cytokinesis?
When the cell splits in half, making two cells.
what are the characteristics of life? Why are viruses not counted at living?
Response to stimuli, reproduction, growth, development, regulation, homeostasis, and energy processing. Viruses aren't living because they have to infect other cells in order to carry out the process of growth and development and reproduction. They also do not have homeostasis or response to stimuli.
What is the difference between archaea, bacteria, and eukarya.
Archaea: different cell walls, lives in hostile environments, and 2 cell membranes.
Bacteria: binary fusion, flagella, and live and move everywhere.
Eukarya: living, membrane-bound organelles, nucleus, and lysosomes.