Stress
When the crust is squeezed
What is compression?
What are mid ocean ridges and where are they located
located in the middle of sea floor spreading
Define Transform Boundary
a plate boundary where two plates move past each other in the opposite directions
how much more energy is released by an earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 on the moment magnitude scale then one with magnitude of 6.0
1000 time more energy released
what is composite volcano
a tall steep sided volcano, formed by a mix of the ways cinder cone volcano and shield volcano form.
When the crust is pulled apart
What is Tension
How did Mt. Everest form
by India's land mass colliding with Asia
which type of boundary do earthquakes most often occur?
why do they occur there?
Transform Boundaries because that's where stress builds up the most
Describe how ocean floor uplifts and landslides cause tsunamis
because a convergent plate boundary under water can pop up and displace the water above it. depending on the way the water moved, a tsunami may happen
what is a cinder cone volcano
smaller, cone looking, prominent cratered volcano. Formed by cinders and ash
When the crust is rubbed in different directions
What is Shearing?
what are convection currents and what role do they have in plate movement
they are currents in earths mantle that are hot material rising and cool material sinking
role in plate movement is pushing magma upward to create new sea floor
A local official pledges to build a new highway over a transform boundary.
Why is this bad???
because if there is an earthquake, there is a possibility for strike slip fault which can cause a crack in the crust and the highway would be dangerous and not usable
Volcanoes may emerge at long cracks of Earth's crust at ___________ ridges, on continents near convergent ________, at a random locations away from plate boundaries called ____________
mid-ocean, boundaries, hot spots
what is a sheild volcano
a broad volcano with inclining sides. Formed by fluid lava flow
Alfred Wagener created a hypothesis that Earths landmasses had once been fused together, they slowly drifted apart in a porcess called
Continental Drift
define Divergent boundary
how do fault block mountains form?
when tension pulls rock apart along normal faults,some blocks fall leaving others elevated. That elevated part is a mountain.
what causes volcanoes to form along mid ocean ridge
when sea floor spreading happens, so much molten rock rises at the mid ocean ridge that it pushes up and a volcano forms
how do geologists predict when a volcano is likely to erupt
by using special tools that messusre rumbling deep in volcanos. they also monitor plate movment and past eruptions.
3 pieces of evidence that supported AW's hypothesis of continental drift
land features and fossils were the same across the ocean, also in today's polar regions there is evidence of tropical plants there
define Convergent
a plate boundary where plates move toward each other
what are anitclines and synclines? how do they form?
Aniticline is a fold in rock that bends upward into an arch. Synclines forms by a fold that bends downward.
why are volcanoes often found along convergent and divergent plates
because plates tear apart at divergent boundaries causing volcanic activity. at convergent boundaries, when subduction happens a volcano rises
true or false, continental plates move faster than ocianic plates
false