Lab Safety & Scientific Method
What is the scientific method?
the steps someone takes to identify a question, develop a hypothesis, design and carry out steps or procedure to test the hypothesis write down data, and draw a conclusion
What is matter?
anything that has mass and takes up space
What is a physical change?
alters the form of appearance of matter but does not turn any substance in the matter into a differ substance
What is power?
The rate at which work is done.
What is the equation for work?
w=f*d
Why is it important to wear goggles during an experiment?
to avoid getting any harmful substances in your eyes
What is a substance?
a single kind of matter that always has a specific makeup or composition
What is a chemical change?
a change in matter that produces one or more new substances
What is gravitational potential energy?
Gravitational potential energy is energy related to an object's vertical position.
What is the equation for density?
d=m/v
Why should you never eat in the science lab?
you do not know what substances have been used or not cleaned properly and you do not want to consume anything harmful
What are elements?
substances that are made up of only one type of atom
Describe a solid and the particles of a solid.
Solid - has a definite shape and volume
Particles are packed very closely together.
What is potential and kinetic energy?
Potential energy is energy that results from the position or shape of an object.(no motion)
Kinetic energy is the energy that an object possesses by virtue of being in motion.(motion)
What is the equation for kinetic energy?
KE=0.5*M*S2
What is a responding / dependent variable?
the factor that may change in response to the manipulated variable
What is a compound?
a substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined in a set ratio
Describe a liquid and the particles of a liquid.
Liquid - no shape, definite volume
Particles - Particles are closely in contact with one another.
What is elastic potential energy?
Elastic potential energy is the energy associated with objects that can be compressed or stretched.
Rubber band being stretched but NOT letting go.
What is the equation for gravitational potential energy?
GPE=W*HAG
What is a manipulated / independent variable?
the one variable that is purposely changed to test the hypothesis
What is mass, volume, and weight?
Mass - amount of matter in an object
Volume - amount of space that matter occupies
Weight - measure of the force and gravity on an object
Describe a gas and the particles of a gas.
Neither a definite shape or volume
Particles - Have space to move and fill all of the space available, gas is the same as the volume of its container.
List and explain all forms of energy.
1. Mechanical energy - Energy an object has due to its motion, shape, position, or a combination of these factors.
2. Nuclear energy - Type of potential energy stored in the nucleus.
3. Thermal energy - Total kinetic and potential energy of all particles of an object.
4. Chemical energy - Form of potential energy that is stored in chemical bonds between atoms.
5. Electrical energy- Energy of electric charges.
6. Electromagnetic radiation - Form of kinetic energy that travels through space in waves.
(kinetic and potential, but the definitions are included in Energy, Motion & Force for 300)
What is the equation for power?
p=w/t