Define this..
What is carbonation.
When carbon dioxide is dissolved into an aqueous solution.
Why do most vitamins need to come from food?
The body either does not produce them or produces very little.
How does making jam help to preserve food.
It lowers the available water which helps prevent the growth of bacteria.
Name the microorganism usually used for fermentation.
Lactobacillus
What is another name for ascorbic acid?
Vitamin C
What are anaerobic microorganisms?
Microbes that live in oxygen-free conditions. They do not require oxygen.
Some food additives can be bad for you. List two examples.
Sugar, caffeine, fats, salts
List two methods of preserving food.
Pickling, pressure canning, freezing
When CO2 dissolves in H2O, water and gaseous carbon dioxide react to form ___.
carbonic acid (H2CO3)
Where you can find out information about supplements that have been added to your food
In the "Nutritional Facts" section of the food label.
What is the role of a sensory scientist?
To help improve customer satisfaction of the product. The primary role of the sensory scientist is to use the senses of selected and trained human volunteers to identify the individual perceptible characteristics of food, and to quantify their intensities.
Why do we think the back of the tongue is extra sensitive to bitterness?
To help us sense toxic foods before we swallow them.
What is fermentation?
The activity of fungi and bacteria breaking complex compounds, like sugars, into simpler substances, such as carbon dioxide and alcohol. Because these simpler substances are toxic to food-spoiling microbes, they act as natural preservatives for food.
Clostridium and botulinum are what class of microbes?
Anaerobic microbes.
Why is milk an emulsion.
The fat is suspended in water as fine globules.
What is the percent daily value?
%Daily Values (%DV's) are based on the daily value recommendations for key nutrients for a 2,000 calorie daily diet. The %DV helps you determine if a serving of food is high or low in a nutrient (US FDA, 2004).
Why do people need a regular supply of water-soluble vitamins?
Water-soluble vitamins do not stay in the body for long and cannot be stored. They leave the body via the urine
How can we increase the rate of fermentation of kimchi?
Keep it at a warmer temperature. Increase the sugar content.
What are proteases and how do they affect milk?
Proteases are enzymes that are able to make milk curdle as they are chopping up other proteins and disrupt the casein micelle structure.
Why does soda pop taste better when it fizzes?
In a fizzy drink, the dilute carbonic acid creates a slight burning, tingling sensation on your tongue.
Define what processed food is.
Any food that has been altered in some way during preparation.
Name the three sensory cells that are particularly responsible for taste.
Fungiform, vallate and foliate
What do homofermentive bacteria produce?
Lactic Acid
The reaction of carbon dioxide mixing with water is reversible. What does this mean?
The carbonic acid, made after carbon dioxide has mixed with water, can be converted back to water and carbon dioxide. These reactions have a forward and reverse reaction.
Why does casein proteins build spherical structures in milk?
It is poorly soluble in water and the shape allows them to stay in suspension as if they were soluble.