Water Quality
What scale measures how acidic or basic water is?
pH
What characteristics define an insect?
3 body parts, 6 legs, exoskeleton
What is the control center of the body?
Brain
What molecule carries genetic information?
DNA
Name the types of rocks
Igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic
What does high turbidity do to aquatic ecosystems?
Blocks light and harms organisms
What is the function of the thorax in insects?
Movement
What is the difference between the nervous and endocrine systems?
Nervous = fast electrical signals; Endocrine = slower hormonal signals
In a Punnett square, what do the letters represent?
Alleles
What is the difference between a rock and a mineral?
Mineral = pure substance; Rock = mixture of minerals
Why does eutrophication often lead to fish dying in a body of water?
It decreases dissolved oxygen
What is the advantage of an exoskeleton?
Protection and support
What is the pathway of a reflex called?
Reflex arc
In a cross between two heterozygous parents (Aa × Aa), what is the probability that an offspring will be heterozygous?
50%
What is the color of a mineral in powdered form called?
Streak
Why are bioindicators useful in water quality studies?
They show ecosystem health
Why is complete metamorphosis considered an advantage for survival?
It reduces competition between life stages
During a reflex action, which structure processes the response first: the brain or the spinal cord?
Spinal cord
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
Genotype = genetic makeup; Phenotype = physical trait
What scale measures mineral hardness?
Mohs scale
A lake shows high turbidity, low dissolved oxygen, and a large algae bloom. What process is occurring, and what is the main cause?
Eutrophication caused by excess nutrients
Why are insects considered successful organisms in many environments?
They adapt easily and reproduce quickly
How do the nervous and endocrine systems work together to maintain homeostasis?
Nervous system responds quickly; endocrine system regulates long-term balance
In a cross Aa × Aa, what is the ratio of genotypes?
1 AA : 2 Aa : 1 aa
How does cooling rate affect igneous rock texture?
Slow cooling = large crystals; fast cooling = small crystals