Earth & Space - Our Solar System
What is the center of our solar system that all planets orbit?
The Sun
Earth completes one full ______ every 24 hours, which causes day and night.
Rotation
Sound is produced by rapid back-and-forth movements called _______.
Vibrations
A ______ is a push or a pull that acts upon an object.
Force
These organisms, usually plants, get their energy directly from the sun.
Producers
True or False: The Sun is the only star in the universe.
False - it is one of many stars
How long does it take for Earth to complete one full revolution around the sun?
365 days or 1 year
This term describes the loudness or quietness of a sound.
Volume
This term refers to the rate at which an object changes its position.
Speed
An animal that only eats other animals is called a ________.
Carnivore
This force holds the planets in their elliptical orbits around the sun.
Gravity
In which direction does the Sun appear to rise every morning due to Earth's rotation?
East
What happens to light when it hits a mirror?
Reflection
This force acts between two surfaces sliding against each other and typically slows things down.
Friction
In a food chain, what do the arrows represent?
The flow of energy from one organism to another
Why does the Sun appear so much larger and brighter than other stars in the night sky?
Because it is much closer to Earth than other stars
If a shadow is very long in the morning and short at noon, what is causing this change?
Earth's rotation on its axis / apparent motion of the sun across the sky
Light can travel through empty space, but sound requires a _______ (like air, water, or a solid) to travel.
Medium
What is the term for a change in an object's speed or direction?
Acceleration
A drought in an Ohio forest ecosystem causes a significant decrease in the population of grass. What effect will this most likely have on the other organisms in the food web?
The population of primary consumers will decrease leading to a decrease in secondary, and tertiary consumers.
Name three types of smaller celestial bodies that orbit the sun besides planets.
Comets, asteroids, dwarf planets, or meteoroids
What two factors cause Earth to have different seasons?
1. Earth's axis is tilted
2. Revolution/orbit around the sun
What is the term for the number of vibrations in a given amount of time, which determines the pitch of a sound?
Frequency
Name 2 of Newton's 3 Laws of Motion
1. An object at rest will stay at rest, an object in motion will stay in motion, unless acted upon by another force
2. An object with more mass requires more force to accelerate
3. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
In a forest ecosystem, a hawk eats a snake, the snake eats a toad, the toad eats a grasshopper, and the grasshopper feeds on plant stems. Which organism is the primary source of energy for this entire food chain?
The plant stems