Physical Science
Which type of heat transfer is demonstrated by heat energy from the Sun traveling through space in waves?
C. radiation
Which statement best describes a dominant gene?
a. It is the gene that produces mutations.
b. It is the gene that produces desirable traits.
c. It is the gene that masks a recessive gene.
d. It is the gene that is masked by a recessive gene
c. It is the gene that masks a recessive gene.
Why do different parts of Earth's surface receive different amounts of energy from the sun?
A. Earth's surface is curved.
B. Earth rotates.
C. Not all solar energy is absorbed.
D. Ocean currents carry energy away.
A. Earth's surface is curved.
If you were to pour 4 different liquids into a glass and the liquids separated into 4 layers, which liquid would have the highest density?
Which energy source can be described as having the greatest impact on Earth's living environments?
a. moving air
b. moving water
c. the Sun
d. geothermal
c. the Sun
An object is lifted into the air and dropped. Which statement best describe the object's energy as it falls through the air from the stationary position at height X?
a. the energy is potential, which changes to kinetic as the object falls.
b. the energy is kinetic, which changes to potential as the object falls.
c. the energy is potential and kinetic, and the object loses potential energy as it falls.
d. the energy is potential and kinetic, and the object loses kinetic energy as it falls.
a. the energy is potential, which changes to kinetic as the object falls.
Which biome is best described by these characteristics?
"extremely cold climate, low level of organism diversity, short growing season"
A. desert
B. tundra
C. tropical forest
D. deciduous forest
B. tundra
Geologists classify rocks as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic. On what do geologists base this sysem of classification?
A. the method of formation of rocks.
B. the location of rocks relative to the Earth's surface.
C. the orientation of rocks relative to each other.
D. the density of rocks.
A. the method of formation of rocks.
Which question about the Allegheny River can best be answered through scientific inquiry?
a. How many species of fish are present in this river?
b. Will this river be a fun place to visit?
c. Will fishing be a popular sport on this river in five years?
d. How much money should be spent to manage this river?
a. How many species of fishes are present in this river?
The seat belts in a car are made from nylon. Nylon is a material that humans make from petroleum. Which statement is best supported by this information?
A.Nylon is made from renewable natural resources.
B.Nylon is made from renewable synthetic resources.
C.Nylon is made from nonrenewable natural resources.
D.Nylon is made from nonrenewable synthetic resources.
D. Nylon is made from nonrenewable synthetic resources
Which statement best describes the chemicals in the reactions?
C + O2 -> CO2
A. C and O2 are reactants, and CO2 is a product
B. C and O2 are products, and CO2 is a reactant
C. C and CO2 are products because they contain carbon
D.O2 and CO2 are all reactants because they are involved in a reaction
A. C and O2 are reactants, and CO2 is a product
Due to its ability to camouflage itself from predators, the White Peppered Moth of England was once much more abundant than the Black Peppered Moth. As the Industrial Revolution hit, factories began to release black soot which coated everything, including tree bark. Because the moths’ habitat was now darker, the white moth became much more susceptible to predators. At the same time, the Black Peppered Moth was now more protected and began to increase in number.
This story is an example of
Which statement best explains how sedimentary rock can be formed from igneous rock?
A. Sandstone rock subducts and melts into magma
B. Magma cools and hardens after flowing onto Earth's surface
C. Layers of lava rock are buried and exposed to heat and pressure
D. Broken pieces of pumice are deposited, cemented, and compacted
D. Broken pieces of pumice are deposited, cemented, and compacted
Which of the following describes a scientific theory?
A. Once established, can never be changed.
B. It is a good guess made by very smart people.
C. It explains a broad range of observed facts.
D. It is an explanation proven beyond all doubt.
C. It explains a broad range of observed facts.
Which two organ systems let you raise your arm in class?
A. nervous and digestive
B. endocrine and excretory
C. muscular and skeletal
D. ciculatory and respiratory
C. muscular and skeletal
Which of the following describes the difference between a compound and a mixture?
A. Substances are chemically combined in a compound but only physically combined in a mixture
Which of the following is an example of an abiotic factor affecting a biotic factor?
A. Bacteria decompose leaf litter in a stream, releasing carbon dioxide.
B. Volcanic eruptions spew ash and dust into the atmosphere.
C. Run off carries nitrogen compounds into a lake, causing algae to grow.
D. Aquatic grasses provide energy and nutrients to a muskrat.
C. Run of carries nitrogen compounds into a lake, causing algae to grow.
During a total solar eclipse, the Earth, Sun, and Moon are arranged in a line, and light from the Sun is blocked out of view for a certain part of the Earth by the Moon.
In what order do the Earth, Sun, and Moon line up?
A student hypothesizes that robins prefer large birdhouses to small ones. He built four birdhouses of different sizes to test his hypothesis. What was the independent variable in the student's study?
A. the size of the birdhouse.
B. the number of birds in a house.
C. the location of the birdhouse.
D. the season of the year.
A. the size of the birdhouse.
What is an unintended negative effect that long-term pesticide use can have on the targeted environment?
A.The amount of food the pests need to survive will be reduced.
B.The pests that survive can develop resistance to the pesticides.
C.The number of animals that compete for resources with the pests can increase.
D.The amount of pesticide needed to eliminate the pests will be reduced over time.
B.The pests that survive can develop resistance to the pesticides.
A boat is moving through the water at a constant speed of 11 meters per second. What will happen if no unbalanced forces act on the boat?
B. The boat will continue moving at the same speed.
Which of the following correctly matches the cell component with its function in the cells of multicellular organisms?
A. cytoplasm- fluid that hold cell components.
B. mitochondria-control center for al cell activity.
C. nucleus-releases energy to power cell activity.
D. vacuole-helps to produce cell proteins.
A. cytoplasm- fluid that hold cell components.
During the Carboniferous period, which occurred about 300 million years ago, the oxygen content of Earth’s atmosphere was much higher than it is today. Which organisms were most likely responsible for the atmospheric conditions 300 million years ago?
A.fungi
B.plants
C.land animals
D.decomposer bacteria
B. Plants
A student noticed that a can of carbonated beverage had lost most of its fizziness after being left open for one hour in a warm room with a temperature set at 25°C (77°F) . The student hypothesized that a carbonated beverage would lose more carbon dioxide (CO2) in a warm environment than in a colder environment
Part 1: Identify the independent variable to test this hypothesis and describe how it could be changed
Part 2: Identify one variable that should be held constant to accurately test the hypothesis
Part 1: the independent variable is temperature of the environment and the student could change this variable by placing the carbonated beverage in a refrigerator
Part 2: type of carbonated beverage, size of the can of carbonated beverage, amount of time it is sitting out
In 1901, the SS Port Morant became the world’s first refrigerated banana ship. It was equipped with carbon dioxide refrigeration. It could carry 23,000 bunches of bananas from Jamaica to England at a controlled temperature. What impact did cargo ship refrigeration systems have on the banana industry? A. It made transportation of bananas to overseas markets quicker.
B. It made bananas ripen by the time they arrived at their destination.
C. It made bananas sweeter than bananas transported without any cooling.
D. It made shipment of bananas to far away ports possible with little spoilage.
D. It made shipment of bananas to far away ports possible with little spoilage