Boyle's Law
What is the relationship between pressure and volume?
Inversely Proportional
What does the Charles' Law state?
It states that the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature at constant pressure.
What does the Gay-Lussac's Law state?
It states that for a fixed amount of gas at constant volume, the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature.
Which two gas laws have temperature as one of their variables?
Charles' Law and Gay-Lussac's Law.
What are the constants of Boyle's Law?
Temperature (T) & amount of gas (n)
What is the formula of Charles' Law?
V1T2 = V2T1
What is the formula for the Gay-Lussac's Law?
P1T2 = P2T1
V1 = P2V2 / P1
Give the formula of Boyle's Law.
P1V1 = P2V2
Name one application of Charles' Law.
Hot Air Balloon, Tires, and Baking
Name one application of the Gay-Lussac's Law.
Aerosol cans, Pressure cookers, Spray paint cans, Car tires, Firing a bullet
Which two gas laws have pressure as one of the variables?
Boyle's Law and Gay-Lussac's Law.
Give one application of Boyle's Law?
Automobile Engine, Medical Respirators, Syringe
What are the variables of Charles' Law?
Volume and temperature
A car tire is inflated to a pressure of 30 psi at 20°C. After driving for a while, the temperature of the air inside rises to 50°C. Assuming the volume stays constant, what happens to the pressure inside the tire?
The pressure increases.
A gas occupies a volume of 4.0 liters at a pressure of 200 kPa. If the gas is compressed to a volume of 2.0 liters, what is the new pressure, assuming the temperature remains constant?
P2 = 400 kPa
Given:
V1 = 4.0 L
P1 = 200 kPa
V2 = 2.0 L
P2 = ?
Formula: P2 = P1V1 / V2
Solution:
P2 = (200 kPa) (4.0 L) / 2.0 L
P2 = 800 kPa / 2.0
P2 = 400 kPa
How does Boyle's Law apply on a syringe?
When you pull the plunger, the volume inside the syringe will increase, causing pressure to decrease. When you push the plunger, the volume decreases, increasing the pressure inside and forcing the fluid out.
A balloon contains 2.0 L of air at a temperature of 300 K. If the temperature of the air is increased to 350 K at constant pressure, what will be the new volume of the balloon?
The new volume of the balloon will be 2.333 L
A gas is sealed in a rigid metal tank with a pressure of 200 kPa at a temperature of 300 K. The tank is then heated, and the temperature rises to 450 K. What is the new pressure inside the tank?
P2 = 300 kPa
A gas-filled syringe contains 0.180 liters of gas at 17°C. The gas is then heated to 77°C, while pressure remains constant. What is the new volume of the gas?
V2 = 0.217 L
Given:
V1 = 0.180 L
T1 = 17 + 273.15 = 290.15 K
V2 = ?
T2 = 77 + 273.15 = 350.15 K
Formula: V2 = V1T2 / T1
Solution:
V2 = (0.180 L) (350.15 K) / 290.15 K
V2 = 63.027 L / 290.15
V2 = 0.217 L