Electricity
What is static electricity?
Static Electricity - a build up of negative charge in an area
What is an electrical current?
Electrical Current - a flow of electrons through a circuit
What are magnetic matirials?
Magnetic materials are materials that have domains that are naturally aligned
What is the core of an electromagnet made of?
A ferromagnetic material
Who invented the first version of a generator and what was it called?
Scientist Michael Faraday’s and the Faraday disk
What is the difference between series circuits and parallel circuits?
Series Circuits - a circuit that has only one path that electricity can follow
Parallel Circuits - a circuit that has multiple paths that electricity can follow
What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator?
Conductors - Materials that allow energy to flow easily
Insulators - Materials that do not allow energy to flow easily
What can ferromagnetic materials do?
Ferromagnetic materials have the ability to become magnetized
What are 4 uses for electromagnetism?
Magnetic locks, acceleration, lifting heavy objects, and magnetic levitation
What is a stator?
A series of insulated wire coils that form a stationary cylinder surrounding an electromagnetic shaft
What are the advantages and disadvantages of a series circuit?
Advantages
Easier to make
Less expensive to make
Disadvantages
If one part breaks, the entire thing stops working
Adding more parts takes energy away from other parts
What are the advantages and disadvantages of a parallel circuit?
Advantages
If one path breaks, the other paths continue working
Adding more paths doesn’t affect the energy going to other paths
Disadvantages
More difficult to make
More expensive to make
What do all magnets have?
All magnets have 2 magnetic poles, exert magnetic forces, and magnetic fields
Can and electrical current make a magnetic field?
Yes
What is a rotor?
An electromagnetic shaft in the stator
What does a circuit do?
Circuits use a power source, conductors, and at least one resistor to allow electricity to flow
What is electric discharge?
Electric Discharge - the jump of electrons from one place to another to balance charge
What is a domain?
A group of atoms that can be aligned/made to spin in the same direction
What is an electromagnet?
An magnet made by electricity
What does turning the rotor do?
Turning the rotor makes an electric current flow in each section of the wire coil, and each section becomes a separate electric conductor
What 3 materials are ferromagnetic
Iron, nickel, and cobalt
How does a generators make electricity?
Generators make electricity by alternating a current with copper wire using rotating magnetic fields
What is magnetic field?
The area around a magnet where its force acts
What 3 things do you need to make an electromagnet?
A power source ( battery ), a piece of a ferromagnetic core ( iron nail), and an insulated wire ( copper wire )
What does a transformer do?
A transformer increases the voltage of the electricity, which allows it to be sent through power lines to other places away from the power plant and transformer in the community is used to decrease the voltage of the electricity so that it can be used in the houses and businesses that it supplies.