Soil
Earthquakes
Layers of the Earth
Rocks
Wild Card
100
Also known as A Horizon, this layer of soil is full of humus and is dark in color.
What is Topsoil?
100
An instrument that detects, measures, and records the energy of earthquake vibrations.
What is a seismograph?
100
This is a liquid layer below the mantle and is probably made of melted iron.
What is the Outer Core?
100
These are naturally occurring substances that are neither plants nor animals. They are the "building blocks" of rocks.
What are minerals?
100
This is when wind and water break up rocks and carry them away.
What is weathering and erosion?
200
Leftover plant and animal matter.
What is humus?
200
If the rocks found along a break move, this is what the break is called.
What is a fault?
200
The outer layer of Earth is very thin compared to the other layers, like the peel of an apple.
What is the crust?
200
Rocks that have been changed by heat, pressure, or both.
What are metamorphic rocks?
200
A layer of soil different from the layer above and below it.
What is a horizon?
300
This layer of soil is made up of clay particles and minerals and is lighter in color.
What is subsoil?
300
Movements or vibrations in Earth caused by the release of stored energy in Earth's crust.
What is an earthquake?
300
This layer of Earth has high temperatures and great pressure, causing rocks in this region to slowly flow.
What is the mantle?
300
Rocks that look like pieces of sand glued together in a clump.
What are sedimentary rocks?
300
This is a never-ending process in which rocks are changed from one type into another.
What is the rock cycle?
400
A vertical section of soil from the surface down to bedrock.
What is a soil profile?
400
The beginning point of an earthquake.
What is the focus?
400
The sphere of solid material at Earth's center.
What is the inner core?
400
These rocks are formed from magma that has cooled and hardened above or below Earth's surface.
What are igneous rocks?
400
These are spaces between soil particles.
What pore spaces?
500
The rate at which water can pass through a porous material.
What is permeability?
500
Vibrations from Earth that travel out from the focus in all directions.
What seismic waves?
500
The four layers of Earth, starting from the outer layer.
What is crust, mantle, outer core, inner core?
500
Name at least 3 ways to tell minerals apart.
luster, streak, hardness, and color.
500
Name the 3 different kinds of seismic waves that tell about Earth's interior.
primary, secondary, surface
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