Plate Tectonics
The name of the supercontinent that existed 200-300 million years ago
Pangaea
As the molten material erupts in ocean trenches, rock formations can look like these everyday objects
pillows and/or toothpaste
The topmost, thinnest layer of Earth
crust
Underwater mountain range
Mid-ocean Ridge
True/False: Earth has a magnetic field that is created by the metal inside the core.
True
This boundary refers to when plates move toward each other
convergent boundary
This is what is happening to the Pacific Ocean due to sea floor spreading
It is shrinking
The layer that consists of molten rock and exists directly beneath the crust
mantle
Underwater Canyon
Deep-sea Trench
Scientists studied _________ and used this to prove that the continents used to fit together
fossils
This refers to plates moving away from each other
divergent boundary
Sea floor spreading occurs when _____ _______ is added as the sea floor spreads apart
new crust
Inner Core
Crack in Earth's Crust is known as a
Fault
This refers to the constant heat transfer within the mantle of earth, which makes plates move
convection currents
This refers to when plates slide past each other
transforming faults or boundaries
Evidence of sea floor spreading found in the ocean bottom
ages of rocks, magnetic stripes, and/or eruptions of molten material (any one answer is correct)
The layer below the mantle that consists of various molten metals
outer core
the process by which ocean floor sinks beneath a deep ocean trench and back into the mantle
subduction
Earth's magnetic fields reversed about ___________ years ago
780,000
These major events or disasters occur at faults and boundaries
earthquakes and volcanoes
The man known for discovering the theory of sea floor spreading
Harry Hess
The metals that make up earth's core
Iron and Nickel
a device that bounces sound waves off underwater objects
sonar
Most of the sediment on the ocean floor is made up of this
tiny, dead marine animals (marine animal remains)