Grade 4 - Rocks
This rock forms from sediments pressed together in layers.
sedimentary rock
Hardness is tested using what scale?
Mohs Scale
Water freezing into ice is what kind of change?
Physical Change
The amount of matter in an object is called ____.
This rock is formed when melted rock cools and hardens
Igneous rock
How can you check the true colour of a mineral?
Streak test
Name the three main states of matter
solid, liquid, and gas
Give one sign that a chemical change has happened.
colour change, gas formed, heat released, new smell, light produced, solid forms.
This rock forms when heat and pressure change another rock without melting it.
metamorphic rock
If a mineral lets some light through, this is what we call it.
Translucent
When a liquid turns into a gas, it’s called ____
Evaporation
Heat energy that can change the temperature or state of a substance
thermal energy
This rock type is the MOST likely to contain fossils
sedimentary rock
This property describes how light reflects off a mineral.
Lustre
This state of matter has particles that move very fast and spread apart.
Gas
Frost forming on car windows is what change of state
deposition (gas to solid)
This process changes rocks into tiny pieces that can become sediments in the rock cycle
weathering
Difference between rock and mineral
A rock is made of one or more minerals; a mineral is a pure, natural solid with its own set of properties.
OR: Rocks are mixtures; minerals are single substances
Why does ice float in water, even though they’re the same substance?
Ice is less dense than liquid water.
When water freezes, the particles arrange themselves in a crystal structure that contains more empty space between them. That makes ice expand and become less dense than liquid water, so it rises to the top.
Your wet mittens are hung up to dry near a heater. Later they are dry.
What change of state happened to the water in the mittens?
Evaporation (liquid water in mittens → water vapour).