Inheritance
something you are born with: hair color, eye color, body structure pointy nose
inherited traits
desirable traits that help an organism survive and live in their environment
adaptations
why does the sun appear larger and brighter than other stars
it is much closer to earth
something that can be observed about an object: color, size, taste, odor, sound
physical property
this pulls a book toward the floor when it falls off a desk
gravity
a behavior an organism does not need to learn: breathing, migrating, nest building
instinct
a scientist finds a fossil of a fish in a desert, what's the most likely reason
the area was once covered by water
when the sun gets higher in the sky, what happens to the shadows
shadows get shorter/smaller
the mass stays the same, the mass stays the same
Law of Conservation of Mass/Matter
what happens to the molecules of water as you heat the water in a pan
the molecules move faster, evaporation, turning to a gas
a behavior an organism acquires through observation or direct experience with their environment
learned behavior
according to the law of superposition, where would you find the oldest fossils in undisturbed rock layers
in the bottom layer of rock
what primary movement of Earth causes the daily cycle of day and night
rotation on its axis
when a new substance is created, what has happened
chemical change
Earth's natural satellite
the moon
the passing of traits from parents to offspring
heredity
a lizard is born with a green tail, but later loses part of its tail while escaping a predator. Which is an inherited traits and which is a result of the environment?
green tail = inherited
tail lost = environment
why do some constellations appear in the night sky only during certain months
because Earth is at a different position in its orbit around the sun
you have two mystery white powders. one dissolves in water and the other does not. which property are you using to tell them apart?
solubility (physical property)
the path of movement of one object around another object
revolution/orbit
the differences in organisms from the same parent is called
variation
a dog is very large for its breed. what is one way its size could be inherited and one way it could be influenced by its environment
inherited = large parents
environment = diet or exercise
if two stars are the same size but one is much farther away from Earth, how will the distant star appear compared to the closer one
it will appear fainter and smaller
what do we call the measure of the force of gravity on an object
weight
A glass has 300 grams of water. A student puts 25 grams of sugar in the water. The student stirs the water until the sugar is no longer visible. What is the mass of the mixture in the glass?
325 grams