Force Motion Energy
What is energy?
Energy is the ability to do work or to cause change.
What are the four major layers of Earth?
Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
Which instrument measures temperature?
Thermometer
What is the difference between rotation and revolution?
Rotation is a body spinning on its axis; revolution is movement around another body
Define a renewable energy source and name one example that might be used in Virginia
Renewable energy can replenish naturally in a short time (e.g., solar, wind, hydro). Example: solar panels, wind turbines, water wheel.
Name two different forms of energy.
thermal (heat), radiant (light), electrical, mechanical (sound)
What type of rock forms when molten rock cools and hardens?
Igneous Rock
The clouds outside are puffy and white and the rest of the sky is a beautiful blue. What type of cloud is being described.
Cumulus
Name the two types of planets and give one example of each (terrestrial and gas giant).
Terrestrial (rocky) planets — e.g., Earth; Gas giants — e.g., Jupiter.
A Virginia natural resource important to the state’s economy, as well as a primary source of energy, is
coal
What energy transformation is taking place in a lamp?
Electrical energy transforms into radiant and thermal
Describe the different movements of the tectonic plates. (Name two boundaries and the directions they travel).
Convergent (come together), Divergent (move apart), Transform (grind past one-another)
Which weather instrument is used to tell if conditions are right for flying a kite?
Anemometer
Describe why we have day and night.
Day and night occur because Earth rotates on its axis so different sides face the Sun at different times.
What is the difference between a natural forest and a cultivated forest?
A cultivated forest is man-made, while a natural forest occurs naturally and is formed by nature.
Albert is pushing a box up a ramp into a moving truck. The box would be easier to move if the surface of the ramp was smoother because there would be less —
Friction
What is the difference between weathering and erosion?
Weathering breaks down rocks in place; erosion moves rock particles away by water, wind, or ice.
Certain storms form over water near the equator, usually between the months of June and November. Warm, moist air rises quickly over the ocean, causing a strong, whirling storm with high winds and heavy rains. This type of storm is known as a
Hurricane
What causes the phases of the moon to occur?
The position of the moon around the Earth
What is a body of water that is partially surrounded by land with a wide mouth that feeds into an ocean?
A bay
A student left the sink running in Mrs. Thompson's room. Which part of the sink has kinetic energy?
The water in motion.
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge one of the largest divergent plate boundaries found on the crust. What occurs at these divergent boundaries? (name two things)
Answers can include sea-floor spreading, volcanoes, and earthquakes
Explain how high-pressure and low-pressure systems generally affect weather.
High pressure typically brings clearer, calmer weather; low pressure is associated with cloudiness, wind, and precipitation.
Name all eight planets in order from closest to the sun to farthest.
This body of water is an area of land over which surface water flows to a single collection place.