Science
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100
Which biome is best for an alligator? Tundra, forest, swamp, ocean?
SWAMPS The United States is the only nation on earth where both alligators and crocodiles live together. Alligators live in freshwater environments, such as ponds, marshes, wetlands, rivers, and swamps, as well as brackish environments.
100
At which temperature would precipitation most likely be rain? 40 degrees, 30 degrees, 25 degrees, 20 degrees?
40 DEGREES Precipitation occurs when so much water has condensed that the air cannot hold it anymore. The clouds get heavy and water falls back to the earth in the form of rain, hail, sleet or snow. Most precipitation that reaches the ground actually begins as snow high in the atmosphere. These snow flakes develop somewhere above the freezing level where the air temperature is less than 32 degrees Fahrenheit, and begin to fall toward the earth as snow. In order for rain to develop from snow, the temperature must be above 32 degrees.
100
What is the advantage of sweating? Keeps a person from being thirsty, makes a person's heartbeat slow down, cools a person's body down, or lowers their need for oxygen?
COOLS A PERSON'S BODY DOWN Sweating is the release of a salty liquid from the body's sweat glands. This process is also called perspiration. Sweating is an essential function that helps your body stay cool.
100
Some of the trees in the forest area are cut down. What impact could this have on squirrels living there? they would have to compete with each other for fresh air, weather conditions would make it too hard to survive, there would be less food and shelter for the squirrels?
LESS FOOD AND SHELTER FOR THE SQUIRRELS Tree-dwelling squirrels require trees to escape danger, to den, and for a source of food. Without them, they cannot survive. Removing trees would reduce the amount of food that they would have and would destroy their homes.
100
What can be used to separate salt from water in seawater? strainer, magnet, hotplate (to boil water), a brush
HOTPLATE Saltwater can become freshwater by distilling it. You can distill water by boiling it. You will need a bowl to catch the steam/condensation. Boil until the water has all evaporated. The salt will be left in the empty pot.
200
The earth revolves around the sun once every: hour, day, month, year?
YEAR The earth orbits the sun in a counter clockwise direction on an imaginary line called its axis. This motion gives us seasons such as the spring, summer, fall and winter. The earth takes one year, or 365 1/4 days to completely orbit the sun.
200
How are the moons of Mars like the moon of Earth? same size, same temperature, have craters, same volume?
CRATERS The surface of the moon is scarred with millions of impact craters. There is no atmosphere on the moon to help protect it from bombardment from potential impactors (most objects from space burn up in the Earth's atmosphere). Also, there is no erosion (wind or water) and little geologic activity to wear away these craters, so they remain unchanged until another new impact changes it. According to NASA, unlike Earth´s moon which is the fifth largest in the solar system, Mars moons are two of the smallest in the entire solar system. Mars moons also have proper names: Phobos and Deimos. Of the two, Phobos is a bit larger, but neither is particularly massive. And neither of Mars´ moons is round like Earth´s moon. In fact, Phobos has a crater on it that is almost half the width of the moon itself. This crater is 6 miles wide and is called the Stickney Crater. The moons also have very different masses causing them to have very different gravitational pulls.
200
What would happen if trees were planted along banks of a stream? The stream would run faster, rocks in the water would be larger, the stream would flood less, less soil would wash into the stream?
LESS SOIL WOULD WASH INTO THE STREAM (EROSION) Stream-side trees and shrubs are nature’s insurance policy. Roots of woody vegetation help to “cement” the soil to help prevent erosion and to absorb and filter water to minimize damage from flooding. Trees prevent soil erosion, reducing sediment (soil) from going into rivers and increasing water absorption into the ground.
200
Which of the following statements best explains why stars appear to move across Earth’s sky each night? Earth rotates on its axis; The stars orbit each other; Earth revolves around the Sun; The stars rotate with the Moon.
EARTH ROTATES ON ITS AXIS Earth rotates about this axis once each day (approximately 24 hours). Stars may appear to move across the sky because the earth's rotation causes the illusion that the stars are moving.
200
A scientist did an experiment to study the condition in which bacteria grows. The experiment produced unexpected results. What should the scientist do next to check the results? repeat the experiment, design a new experiment, write a new hypothesis, change the conditions of the experiment
REPEAT THE EXPERIMENT Scientists repeat experiments to make sure that the results can be replicated. If you do an experiment and get a specific result but do the experiment again and get a different result that usually means there was a flaw in your original experiment, if you do the experiment a third time, though and get the same result as the first time the flaw may have been in your replication. Either way, scientists repeat experiments to show that their results can be replicated. Essentially this shows that we understand the processes well enough to be able to "control" them.
300
Which body system acts like an electrical circuit? nervous system, skeletal system, excretory system, digestive system?
NERVOUS SYSTEM The nervous system is a complex structure of nerves of neurons that transmit signals around the body to coordinate actions. It is our body's electrical wiring.
300
Which is used to measure air pressure? barometer, hygrometer, anemometer, thermometer?
BAROMETER A barometer is a scientific instrument used in meteorology to measure atmospheric (AIR) pressure. A simple barometer consists of a long glass tube (closed at one end, open at the other) filled with mercury and turned upside down into a container of mercury. A hygrometer is an instrument used for measuring the moisture content in the atmosphere. An anemometer is a device used for measuring wind speed. A thermometer is a device that measures temperature.
300
Which body system would be the first affected by a harmful bacteria from a sneeze? circulatory system, digestive system, respiratory system, nervous system
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM When someone sneezes or coughs, tiny water or mucous droplets filled with viruses or bacteria scatter. Inhaling these viruses or bacteria can spread coughs, colds, influenza and tuberculosis and other infectious agents. The respiratory system provides oxygen to the body’s cells while removing carbon dioxide, a waste product that can be lethal if allowed to accumulate. There are 3 major parts of the respiratory system: the airway, the lungs, and the muscles of respiration. The airway, which includes the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles, carries air between the lungs and the body’s exterior.
300
A plastic bottle filled with water was placed in the freezer. Several hours later, the water had frozen and the bottle had split open. When the water froze, it....became lighter, became heavier, expanded, or contracted.
EXPANDED Water is one of the few liquids that actually expands when it freezes. As water cools, it expands slightly until it reaches the freezing point. When it freezes, water expands by approximately 9%, which would cause a plastic bottle filled with water and frozen to split open.
300
Which type of rock is formed when hot lava cools? coal; igneous; limestone; metamorphic
IGNEOUS Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
400
Which of these organisms is UNIcellular? starfish, mushroom, pine tree, bacteria?
BACTERIA Unicellular means one celled or single celled. The organisms that are made up of just one single cell are called unicellular organisms.
400
Baby chicks peck their way out of their shells when they hatch. This activity is an example of which of the following types of behavior: instinctive, learned, planned, social
INSTINCTIVE Instinctive behavior is simply any behavior that an animal has developed (including humans) that happens on instinct, or automatically. Learned behavior is something that you pick up as you go along. Planned behavior is actions based on your beliefs, and social behavior is the general conduct of people in a society.
400
What makes up all matter? atoms, cells, water, air?
ATOMS All matter is composed of atoms. An atom consists of a central nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons, while the nucleus is an equal mixture of neurons and protons.
400
The density of water is 1.0. If a density of an object is lower than water it will float. If it is higher, it will sink. Which of the following will float: Lead (11.3 density), Water (1.0 density), Iron (7.9 density), rotten egg (0.9 density)
ROTTEN EGG The rotten egg will float because its density - 0.9 - is less than the density of water which is 1.0.
400
A population of earthworms that has enough food, water, shelter, and no diseases or predators will....increase slowly, increase quickly, decrease slowly, decrease quickly?
INCREASE QUICKLY Anything population that has enough food, water and shelter can grow very quickly when not threatened by disease or predators.
500
What keeps gases in the atmosphere from escaping into outer space? heat, gravity, light, speed
GRAVITY The earth is surrounded by layers of gases, our atmosphere. They are kept near the earth’s surface by gravity. Gravity holds our atmosphere together.
500
An example of a decomposer is...tree, flower, mushroom, cactus?
MUSHROOM A decomposer means an organism that breaks down large molecules from dead organisms into small molecules and returns important materials to the environment. Sooner or later, all living things die. When a plant or an animal dies, its body begins to break down into small pieces. Special living things called decomposers break down the body. A decomposer makes dead things into chemicals and then the chemicals go into the air, ground or water and is used again. Most decomposers are too small for us to see. They are all around us in the air and in the ground.
500
According to scientists a canyon is formed by wind, water, earthquake, or volcano?
WATER Canyons are formed through the process of erosion. When the water of rivers pass through rocks, the limestone erodes the rocks and an opening is formed.
500
Work is being done when a push or a pull makes an object move. Which is an example of work...riding a bike, lifting a weight, swinging on swing, or pushing against a concrete wall?
RIDING A BIKE
500
A substance that allows the flow of electrons through an electric circuit is called...magnet, conductor, ampere, insulator
CONDUCTOR A conductor is a substance or material that allows electrons, or electrical current, to flow through it.
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