Layers of the Earth
The outermost solid layer of the Earth.
The crust.
Convection currents occur in this layer of the Earth.
The mantle.
A subduction zone occurs when this type of plate sinks beneath another.
An oceanic plate.
An atom that has gained or lost electrons is called this.
An ion.
An acid reacts with a base to form these two products.
Salt and water.
This layer, made of molten iron and nickel, generates Earth’s magnetic field.
The outer core.
Convection currents are driven by this type of energy from Earth’s interior.
Heat.
Subduction zones often form these deep underwater features.
Ocean trenches.
An atom with the same number of protons but different neutrons is called this.
An isotope.
The pH of a neutral solution is this value.
7
The thickest layer of the Earth, composed of silicate rock.
The mantle
Rising hot mantle material at mid-ocean ridges causes this process.
Seafloor spreading.
The Ring of Fire around the Pacific Ocean is famous for these hazards caused by subduction.
Volcanoes and Earthquakes.
A positively charged ion is called this.
A cation.
Hydrochloric acid reacting with sodium hydroxide produces this common salt.
Sodium chloride.
The innermost layer of the Earth, solid due to immense pressure.
The inner core.
Convection currents are responsible for the movement of these large structures.
Subduction zones recycle this part of the Earth back into the mantle.
Oceanic crust.
A negatively charged ion is called this.
An anion.
Neutralisation reactions are often used in medicine to treat this condition.
Indigestion. (Excess stomach acid)
The crust and upper mantle together form this rigid layer.
The lithosphere.
This type of boundary is formed when convection currents pull plates apart.
Divergent boundary.
The Andes Mountains formed due to the subduction of this plate beneath South America.
The Nazca plate.
Carbon-14 is an isotope used for this type of scientific dating.
Radiocarbon dating.
The reaction between sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide produces this salt.
Potassium sulphate.